2016-2017学年甘肃省靖远县靖安中学八年级上期中生物卷(带解析)

适用年级:初二
试卷号:348987

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2016/11/26

1.判断题(共1题)

1.
爬行动物是真正的陆生脊椎动物。()

2.单选题(共8题)

2.
在生物分类的等级单位中,最大和最小的的分类单位分别是( )
A.门、属B.种、界C.界、种D.目、科
3.
“物种一旦灭绝,便不可再生。生物多样性的消失将造成农业、医药卫生保健、工业方面的根本危机,造成生态环境的破坏,威胁人类自身的生存。”保护生物多样性的最根本措施是
A.建立自然保护区B.保护生物种类的多样性
C.引进更多外来物种D.保护生态系统的多样性
4.
下列属于我国珍稀的两栖动物的是
A.娃娃鱼B.青蛙C.蟾蜍D.牛蛙
5.
某些古代两栖类进化为古代的爬行类,而古代爬行类不可能进化为今天的
A.鸟类B.哺乳类C.爬行类D.两栖类
6.
某些古代两栖类进化为原始的爬行类,而古代爬行类不可能进化为今天的(   )
A.鸟类B.哺乳类C.爬行类D.两栖类
7.
下列相似程度最多、亲缘关系最近的一组是( )
A.马和斑马B.犀牛和牛C.马和驴D.斑马和犀牛
8.
美国科学家米勒等人所做的化学进化模拟实验,支持了生命起源过程的
A.无机物→有机小分子阶段B.有机小分子→有机大分子阶段
C.有机大分子→独立体系阶段D.独立体系→原始生命阶段
9.
在植物进化过程中,从原始藻类植物进化到原始种子植物,体现出生物进化的趋势是
①由简单到复杂②由低等到高等③由自养到异养④由水生到陆生
A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①③④

3.选择题(共4题)

10.

香港之所以“上天”(建设高层建筑)、“下海”(填海造地),是因为(    )

11.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

12.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

13.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

4.填空题(共5题)

14.
下面是三条有关动物的谜语。请你猜猜并回答有关问题
①像鱼不是鱼,终身海里住,远看似喷泉,近看像岛屿。
②头上两根须,全身毛茸茸,跳舞传信息,采蜜又传粉。
③会飞不是鸟,有翼无羽毛,双耳能探路,捕蚊本领高。
(1)三个谜语的谜底所指的动物分别是___________、____________、_______________。
(2)三个谜语所指动物中属于昆虫的是________(写谜语编号)
15.
在生物各类群之间,所处的共同分类单位越小,它们之间的相似程度越_________,表明它们之间的亲缘关系越___________。例如,猫和虎比猫和狗相似程度大,猫和虎亲缘关系较___________。
16.
两栖动物是脊椎动物由 ________ 向 ________ 进化的过渡类群;其幼体生活在水中,用 ________ 呼吸;大多数成体生活在陆地上,用________ 呼吸。
17.
地球上最初的生命生活在__________________。
18.
各种生物进化的证据中,最直接的证据是  
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    判断题:(1道)

    单选题:(8道)

    选择题:(4道)

    填空题:(5道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:5

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:4

    9星难题:5