江苏省盐城市射阳县初级中学2018-2019学年八年级上学期期末考试生物试题

适用年级:初二
试卷号:336312

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2019/1/22

1.综合题(共2题)

1.
某兴趣小组为增强生态环境保护意识,对某草原生态系统进行了调查,并绘出如图所示食物网简图,请分析:

(1)在这个小岛生态系统中,生产者是_________,消费者是___________(写一种即可)。
(2)生物之间通过__的关系,构成食物链,各条食物链之间互相交错形成了复杂的网络,称之为___。
(3)土壤中腐生的细菌和真菌也来凑热闹,它们能将失去生命的生物回归到无机环境,对生态系统的物质循环功不可没,被称为________者。
2.
下图是肌肉的协作关系示意图,其中①和②分别表示肱二头肌和肱三头肌,请据图分析回答:

(1)人和脊椎动物的肌肉在____________的支配下,通过收缩和舒张牵拉附着的______产生运动。
(2)人在进行伸肘运动时(如图B所示),图中①肌肉所处的状态是_________。人在进行屈肘运动时(如图A所示),图中①肌肉所处的状态是__________。
(3)人体运动所需要的能量最终来源于_________。

2.单选题(共9题)

3.
下列具有社会行为的是(  )
A.在头狼带领下向野牛进攻的一群狼B.一个池塘的所有的虾
C.个体户养殖场中的一群产蛋鸡D.一块棉田里的所有棉铃虫
4.
下列几种动物行为中,属于学习行为的是(    )
A.孔雀开屏B.野鸭迁徙C.鹦鹉学舌D.蜘蛛结网
5.
下列关于动物行为的叙述,错误的是()
A.先天性行为是动物体内遗传物质所决定的
B.只有高等动物才有学习行为
C.动物越高等,学习能力越强
D.先天性行为和后天学习行为对动物的生存都有重要的意义
6.
下列动物行为中属于先天性行为的是(    )
A.猴子骑车B.蜘蛛织网C.老马识途D.谈虎色变
7.
下列对动物运动意义的说法正确的是(    )
A.寻找充足的食物B.主动逃避敌害C.寻找适宜的栖息地D.以上都对
8.
我县大面积饲养的大闸蟹(学名:中华绒螯蟹),在陆地上的运动方式是
A.游泳B.飞行C.爬行D.跳跃
9.
在生物分类的等级单位中,最高和最低的分类单位分别是( )
A.门、界B.界、科C.纲、种D.界、种
10.
下列不属于原始大气成分的是()
A. 甲烷     B. 水蒸气 C. 硫化氢 D. 氧气
11.
在植物进化过程中,从原始藻类植物进化到原始种子植物,体现出生物进化的趋势是
①由简单到复杂②由低等到高等③由自养到异养④由水生到陆生
A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①③④

3.选择题(共4题)

12.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,∠A=30°,BC=6,若点P是边AB上的一个动点,以每秒3个单位的速度按照从A→B→A运动,同时点Q从B→C以每秒1个单位的速度运动,当一个动点到达终点时,另一个动点也随之停止运动.在运动过程中,设运动时间为t,若△BPQ为直角三角形,则t的值为{#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

13.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

14.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

15.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(2道)

    单选题:(9道)

    选择题:(4道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:6

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:4

    9星难题:1