2016-2017学年广东省高州市古丁中学八年级下学期第七周校际联考生物试卷(带解析)

适用年级:初二
试卷号:331490

试卷类型:中考模拟
试卷考试时间:2017/4/14

1.单选题(共21题)

1.
我国每五年实行一次人口小普查,十年一次人口大普查,这人口普查使用了科学探究的基本方法是?(  )
A.观察法B.调查法、C.实验法D.分析法
2.
下列属于生物的是()
A.恐龙骨骼B.珊瑚
C.钟乳石D.珊瑚虫
3.
数百年前,我国黄土高原有茂密的森林,后来由于人口过于集中和长期掠夺式的开发等原因,变成了荒山秃岭,这个现象说明( )
A.生物能适应环境
B.环境条件决定生物的形态
C.生物能影响环境
D.环境条件决定人口的数量
4.
真菌比细菌结构复杂。李阳同学认为复杂之处在于真菌()
A.细胞有细胞壁、细胞膜、细胞质B.细胞内含有叶绿体
C.细胞内有成形的细胞核D.都由多细胞构成
5.
下列各项属于动物学习行为的是
A.黑猩猩通过堆叠箱子摘下悬挂在高处的香蕉B.狼将捡到的婴儿哺育成“狼孩”
C.蜘蛛结网捕捉昆虫D.鸟类的筑巢、孵卵和育雏
6.
嫁接的方式可以获得( )
A.与砧木相同的植物体的性状
B.与接穗相同的植物体的性状
C.与砧木、接穗相近的植物体的性状
D.砧木和接穗相结合的性状
7.
小明家种植了一株能同时结酸甜两种不同口味的杨桃,采用的技术是(   )
A.人工授粉B.扦插C.嫁接D.组织培养
8.
下列有关动物生殖、发育的叙述中,正确的是(   )
A.蝗虫的发育包括受精卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫四个阶段
B.青蛙、蛇的生殖和发育都离不开水
C.苍蝇的发育过程属于完全变态发育
D.所有的鸟都有产卵、孵卵和育雏的行为
9.
下列生物不进行变态发育的是()
A.青蛙B.家蚕C.家燕D.蝗虫
10.
控制生物性状的最小单位叫(    )
A.染色体B.细胞C.细胞核D.基因
11.
成对的性染色体不能同时存在于(   )
A.肌肉细胞中B.上皮细胞中C.乳腺细胞中D.精子中
12.
人的体细胞中含有46条染色体,那么正常人的生命的起点受精卵中染色体数为 (  )
A.23条B.20条C.30条D.46条
13.
下列几种变异中,不能遗传的变异是(  )
A. 人类的皮肤的黑黄白 B. 玉米粒的黄白红
C. ABO血型 D. 生长在遮阴处的小麦杆细穗小
14.
对基因有显隐性的叙述,错误的是( )
A.显性基因控制显性性状,隐性基因控制隐性性状
B.显性基因对隐性基因起掩盖作用
C.成对基因 Aa 存在时只表现显性性状
D.只有表现不出来的性状才是隐性性状
15.
性状表现正常的一对夫妇,生了一个白化病(致病基因是a)的孩子,这对夫妇的基因组成一定是(    )
A.AA、AAB.Aa、AaC.Aa、aaD.AA、Aa
16.
长期使用某种抗菌素,发现抗菌素的效果越来越差。从达尔文观点来看,这是由于( )
A. 抗菌素浓度增加使病原体抗药性也增加
B. 抗菌素对病原体逐代选择的结果
C. 病原体由于接触抗菌素产生了抗药性
D. 抗菌素引起的病原体的抗药性在后代中不断积累和加强
17.
枯叶蝶的腹面颜色鲜艳,在飞行时格外引人注目,但落地后,其颜色和形状却俨象一片枯叶。这种现象的形成是由于桔叶蝶的祖先
A.变异后人工选择的结果B.自然选择后变异的结果
C.变异后自然选择的结果D.人工选择后变异的结果
18.
在植物进化过程中,从原始藻类植物进化到原始种子植物,体现出生物进化的趋势是
①由简单到复杂②由低等到高等③由自养到异养④由水生到陆生
A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①③④
19.
艾滋病是一种严重威胁人类健康的传染病。艾滋病的病原体是(    )
A.真菌B.细菌C.寄生虫D.病毒
20.
为烧伤病人植皮时,应取用自身健康的皮肤。其主要原因是( )
A.愈合迅速B.血型相符C.防止发生排斥反应D.有效预防感染
21.
1988年上海市流行甲型肝炎,后查明是食用不清洁的毛蚶引起的,这种毛蚶成了甲型肝炎流行的(    )
A.传染源B.传播途径C.易感人群D.病原体

2.选择题(共6题)

22.用NaCl、CaCl2、AlCl3溶液分别与同一AgNO3溶液反应,生成等质量的AgCl沉淀,则消耗AgNO3溶液的质量比为(     )  
23.某校高三学生在心理辅导老师的指导下,通过听音乐、做运动等方法来调整考前紧张情绪。这种调控情绪的主要方法是(  )
24.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

25.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

26.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

27.

阅读材料,回答问题。

中国近代新闻史大事年表

第一条

1833年8月

《东西洋考每月统记传》创刊于广州。德国传教士马礼逊主编。是在中国境内出版的第一种近代化中文报刊。

第二条

1872年4月

英国人美查等主办的《申报》(别称《申江新报》)在上海创刊。

第三条

1895年8月

资产阶级维新派在国内出版的第一个报刊《万国公报》在北京创刊。

第四条

1905年11月

《民报》在东京创刊。其为中国同盟会机关报。

第五条

1931年12月

《红色中华》报在江西瑞金创办,这是中华苏维埃临时中央政府机关报。

第六条

1941年5月

中共中央机关报《解放日报》在延安创刊,它是由《新中华报》《今日新闻》合并后出版的。

根据材料和所学知识,在上表中任选二条历史信息进行解读,主题自拟。(要求:主题明确;提取信息充分;论证和分析逻辑清晰;所拟主题与信息解读一致)

试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(21道)

    选择题:(6道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:6

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:13

    9星难题:2