1.科学探究题- (共1题)
(查阅资料)①碳化钙与水反应生成一种可燃性气体和一种白色固体。
②乙炔(C2H2)气体燃烧时伴有大量黑烟。
(猜想假设)甲同学对碳化钙与水反应的生成物作出如下猜想:
可燃性气体可能是:①氢气 ②氧气 ③乙炔
白色固体可能是: ①氧化钙 ②氢氧化钙 ③碳酸钙
(1)你认为甲同学猜想的理由是 。
(2)其他同学讨论后认为甲同学的猜想有不合理之处,请指出并说明理由
。
(实验探究)
步骤1:取适量碳化钙加水,收集生成的气体,验纯后点燃,气体燃烧,伴有大量黑烟,说明碳化钙与水反应产生的气体是 。
步骤2:取适量反应后生成的固体于试管中, ,说明碳化钙与水反应产生的固体是氢氧化钙。
(反思交流)
(1)碳化钙与水反应的化学方程式为 。
(2)下列说法正确的是 (填字母序号)。
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2.流程题- (共1题)
(1)氢气燃烧是人们认识水组成的开始,该反应的化学方程式为 。
(2)下列实验中,水用来隔绝空气的是 (填字母序号)。

A.溶解物质 B.铁丝燃烧 C.水的电解 D.保存白磷
(3)为检测饮用水是否为硬水,可向所取水样及另一软水中加入等量的 来判断。生活中将硬水软化的方法是 ,此过程产生水垢,其成分是CaCO3和Mg(OH)2。实验室从该水垢中提取氯化钙晶体的主要流程如下:

向滤液中加入盐酸的目的是 (用化学方程式解释)。
(4)20 ℃时,取甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质各20 g,分别加入到四个盛有50 g水的烧杯中,
充分溶解,情况如下表(温度保持20 ℃),下列说法正确的是 (填字母序号)。
物质 | 甲 | 乙 | 丙 | 丁 |
未溶解固体的质量 /g | 4.2 | 2 | 0 | 9.2 |
A.所得溶液一定都是饱和溶液
B.溶质质量分数最大的是丙溶液
C.所得四种溶液的质量关系为:丙>乙>甲>丁
D.20 ℃时四种物质溶解度的关系为:丙>乙>甲>丁
3.计算题- (共1题)

(1)a的数值。
(2)向不饱和滤液中加入40.8 g水,求所得溶液中溶质的质量分数.
4.单选题- (共17题)
A.该反应属于置换反应 | B.金属M可能是铝 |
C.M的金属活动性比Ag强 | D.反应前后M的化合价改变 |

下列说法正确的是
A.白磷燃烧时产生白色烟雾 |
B.实验过程中气球始终变瘪 |
C.燃烧结束后立即打开弹簧夹 |
D.实验结束后,注射器中还剩约5mL水 |


A.HCl和CO | B.CO和CO2 | C.CH4和H2 | D.HCl、H2和CO2 |
| 物 质 | 用 途 | 性 质 |
A | 不锈钢 | 炊具 | 抗腐蚀性 |
B | 洗涤剂 | 除油污 | 乳化作用 |
C | 一氧化碳 | 气体燃料 | 可燃性 |
D | 二氧化碳 | 气体肥料 | 不燃烧、不支持燃烧 |
A.A | B.B | C.C | D.D |
5.选择题- (共17题)
B
In your life, there are a lot of people around you. They are your relatives, neighbors, friends or classmates. Sometimes you get along well with them, but sometimes don't. What can you do when someone hurts you? Most people may be angry or even fight with him. But it's not a good idea. You'd better forget all this and forgive (宽恕) him.
Maybe it's not easy for you to do that, but it's possible. Please remember: Keep a good mood, and you will keep healthy. Staying angry with others, in fact, means letting others' mistakes treat yourself unfairly.
How can you forgive others?
First, think of something pleasant and try to get yourself happy.
Second, don't wait others to say sorry to you. If anyone hurts you, he won't say sorry to you. He may just want to hurt you or just don't see things the same way.
Third, try to see things in others' shoes. You can understand their minds better and make yourself a little happier.
At last, try to know yourself very well. Whose mistakes caused that, yours or others'? If it's your fault (错误), try to say sorry to them. If it isn't, smile at the thing.
B
In your life, there are a lot of people around you. They are your relatives, neighbors, friends or classmates. Sometimes you get along well with them, but sometimes don't. What can you do when someone hurts you? Most people may be angry or even fight with him. But it's not a good idea. You'd better forget all this and forgive (宽恕) him.
Maybe it's not easy for you to do that, but it's possible. Please remember: Keep a good mood, and you will keep healthy. Staying angry with others, in fact, means letting others' mistakes treat yourself unfairly.
How can you forgive others?
First, think of something pleasant and try to get yourself happy.
Second, don't wait others to say sorry to you. If anyone hurts you, he won't say sorry to you. He may just want to hurt you or just don't see things the same way.
Third, try to see things in others' shoes. You can understand their minds better and make yourself a little happier.
At last, try to know yourself very well. Whose mistakes caused that, yours or others'? If it's your fault (错误), try to say sorry to them. If it isn't, smile at the thing.
6.填空题- (共3题)

(1)下列金属制品中,利用金属导电性的是_____(填字母序号)
A 黄金饰品 B 铝蒸锅 C 铜导线
(2)工业上用一氧化碳和赤铁矿炼铁反应的化学方程式为_____。
(3)某小组同学在探究Mg、Cu、Fe三种金属的性质时进行了如图所示实验。
(实验一)发生反应的化学方程式为_____。
(实验二)将实验一反应后的物质倒入烧杯中,发现烧杯内的红色固体明显增多,充分反应后过滤。
Ⅰ.下列对滤液中溶质成分的判断正确的是_____(填字母序号)。
A MgSO4 B MgSO4、FeSO4 C MgSO4、Fe2(SO4)3 D CuSO4、FeSO4 E MgSO4、FeSO4、CuSO4
Ⅱ.确定滤渣中所含物质成分的实验方案是_____(写出操作、现象、结论)
(1)常吃粗粮有助于健康。下表是玉米中的主要营养成分:
成分 | 蛋白质 | 油脂 | 糖类 | 水、维生素和无机盐等 |
质量分数 | 约10% | 约5% | 约80% | 约5% |
其中能为人体提供能量的有油脂、蛋白质和 。
(2)某食谱:主食——馒头;配菜——红烧肉、骨头汤。“骨头汤补钙”中的钙是指 (填“原子”、“分子”、元素”)。从营养角度看,你认为还应补充的食物是 。
(3)山药中含有碱性皂角素,皮肤沾上会奇痒难忍。你认为可涂厨房中的 来止痒。
(4)下列物质不能用于人体补钙的是 (填字母序号)。
A.牛奶 | B.生石灰 | C.熟石灰 | D.高钙麦片 |
(1)写出天然气中甲烷完全燃烧的化学方程式 。
(2)分析下表,与煤相比,用天然气作燃料的优点有 。
| 1g物质完全燃烧 | |
产生二氧化碳的质量/g | 放出的热量/kJ | |
甲烷 | 2.75 | 56 |
碳 | 3.67 | 32 |
(3)为提高煤的利用率,可将其转化为可燃性气体,该反应的微观示意图如下,则生成物的分子个数比为 。

(4)液态二氧化碳可用于扑救档案室发生的火灾,下列说法正确的是 (填字母序号)。
A.液态二氧化碳汽化后不会污染档案
B.二氧化碳可覆盖在可燃物表面,隔绝空气
C.液态二氧化碳汽化时吸热,降低可燃物的着火点
(5)在高温高压下,CO2和NH3可以合成尿素[CO(NH2)2],同时生成水。该反应的化学方程式为 。
7.实验题- (共2题)

(1)打开K1、K3,关闭K2,当D中出现________的现象时,可确定C中收集满CO2.
(2)C中收集满CO2后,关闭K1,打开K2,将注射器中5mL浓NaOH溶液推入C中,观察到D中液体流入C中,说明CO2与NaOH发生了反应.
①小明发现此装置有明显不足,认为应该在________(填装置字母序号)之间增加洗气瓶E,其作用是________.
②改进装置后,小红认为要想证明CO2与NaOH发生反应,还应利用上述装置补充一个对比实验,实验方案是________.
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【1】题量占比
科学探究题:(1道)
流程题:(1道)
计算题:(1道)
单选题:(17道)
选择题:(17道)
填空题:(3道)
实验题:(2道)
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【2】:难度分析
1星难题:0
2星难题:0
3星难题:0
4星难题:1
5星难题:0
6星难题:8
7星难题:0
8星难题:11
9星难题:4