广西钦州市钦州港经济技术开区中学2017届九年级上学期9月月考化学试题

适用年级:初三
试卷号:254440

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2019/10/9

1.简答题(共2题)

1.
下图为同学们经常使用的修正液包装标签上的部分文字和图片,请仔细阅读、观察,根据此图及日常生活经验分析,推测修正液的性质。(至少答出三点)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.
根据下面四个实验装置图回答问题:

(1)在这些装置图中均有水出现,请说出水在这些实验中的主要作用:
A装置中集气瓶中的水   B装置中量筒中的水   
C装置中水槽中的水   D装置中烧杯中的热水   
(2)写出 B 装置中所发生反应的化学方程式   

2.综合题(共1题)

3.
写出下列错误操作可能导致的不良后果。
(1)用嘴吹灭酒精灯___________________。
(2)试管中液体加热,试管底部与灯芯接触____________________________________。
(3)取用细口瓶中的液体,细口瓶的标签没有正对手心________________________。
(4)给试管加热时,试管外壁附有水珠_______________。

3.单选题(共12题)

4.
下列生活事件中,属于化学变化的是( )
A.把西瓜榨成汁B.烧煤取暖
C.把铁丝玩去成衣架D.给自行车瘪胎打气
5.
成语被窜为中华民族语言的瑰宝。下列成语中,其本意主要为化学变化的是(   )
A.磨杵成针B.死灰复燃C.木已成舟D.积土成山
6.
在一把铁制剪刀的下列自述中一定涉及化学变化的是()
A.我的造型既特殊又美观
B.我能剪出各式各样的服饰
C.我经过磨砺会更加锋利
D.我惧怕潮湿的空气,在那里我会变得十分难看
7.
认识物质是为了更好地利用物质。下列变化中,与其他变化有根本区别的一种是( )
A.运行电脑CPU
B.蒸发液态空气制取氧气
C.绿色植物通过光合作用获得氧气
D.石蜡受热熔化
8.
实验室配制溶质质量分数一定的氯化钠溶液时,不需要的仪器是
烧杯
A.酒精灯B.量筒C.托盘天平
9.
物质的性质决定了它的用途,下列性质与用途说法错误的是( )
A.二氧化碳不支持燃烧,因此通常可用于灭火
B.氮气含有氮元素,因此可用于生产氮肥
C.氧气具有可燃性,因此可用于做火箭燃料的助燃剂
D.稀有气体性质很不活泼,因此可作保护气
10.
生活中可能遇到的下列混合物,能按“溶解—过滤—蒸发”的步骤加以分离的是
A.食盐和细砂B.食盐和蔗糖
C.石灰石大理石D.水和酒精
11.
下列关于某些营养物质的化学性质描述错误的是
A.淀粉遇加碘食盐溶液会变蓝
B.蛋白质遇重金属盐会失去原有的生理功能
C.油脂在人体内能消化,氧化分解,释放出热量
D.葡萄糖在植物体内可转化为蔗糖、淀粉或纤维素
12.
下列实验仪器可直接在火焰上加热的是
A.B.C.D.
13.
小明发现罩在蜡烛火焰上方的烧杯内壁被熏黑.他的下列做法不正确的是(  )
A.反复实验,并观察是否有相同现象
B.认为与本次实验无关,不予理睬
C.查找蜡烛成分资料,探究黑色物质成分
D.向老师请教生成黑色物质的原因
14.
某同学用托盘天平称取50.0g氯酸钾,放好砝码和称量物后,发现天平的指针向右偏转,这时他应该()
A.调节左右平衡螺母B.调节游码
C.减少砝码D.增加氯酸钾
15.
某学生用量筒量取液体,将量筒放平且面对刻度线,初次读数时,向下俯视凹液面的最低处,读数为20mL,倒出部分液体后,再次读数时,向上仰视凹液面的最低处,读数为5mL,则该同学实际倒出液体的体积()
A.小于15mLB.大于15mLC.等于15mLD.无法判断

4.选择题(共7题)

16.

起重机的钢索将重物由地面吊到空中某个高度,其速度图象如图所示,则钢索拉力的功率随时间变化的图象可能是选项中的哪一个?(   )

17.

起重机的钢索将重物由地面吊到空中某个高度,其速度图象如图所示,则钢索拉力的功率随时间变化的图象可能是选项中的哪一个?(   )

18.下列说法中正确的是(   )
19.

    Our nearest neighbor is the moon. In the sky,  the moon and the sun seem to be of the same size because the moon is much nearer.
The moon makes the tides—the changes in the level of the sea. The moon and the sun together pull the sea. In some parts of the world,  the difference between "high tide" (when the sea is very near to the land) and " low tide" (when the sea is far away from the land) is very big. This is very important for ships.
    The moon is very different from the Earth. Gravity on the moon is six times weaker than that on the Earth. There isn't any air. During the day, it is very, very hot but at night it is very, very cold. Nothing can live on the moon.
    If the moon goes between the Earth and the sun,  we have an eclipse of the sun(日食) . The moon stops the light from the sun and we have night in the day.
    If the Earth goes between the moon and the sun, we have an eclipse of the moon. The moon goes into the shadow(影子) of the Earth and it disappears for a few minutes.

20.

   On Nov.18th, 1908, three men went up in a balloon. They started early in London. The headman was Auguste Gaudron, and the other two men were Tannar and Maitland. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.
   Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope, and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So they were able to use the box to change the weight of the balloon. The three people were also carrying some bags of sand.
   After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and the air was very cold. The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men's basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. The men tried to throw out some more sand; but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.
   At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so they climbed to get away from the snow. They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were very cold and  they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometres from London!

21.

   On Nov.18th, 1908, three men went up in a balloon. They started early in London. The headman was Auguste Gaudron, and the other two men were Tannar and Maitland. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.
   Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope, and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So they were able to use the box to change the weight of the balloon. The three people were also carrying some bags of sand.
   After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and the air was very cold. The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men's basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. The men tried to throw out some more sand; but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.
   At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so they climbed to get away from the snow. They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were very cold and  they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometres from London!

22.

   On Nov.18th, 1908, three men went up in a balloon. They started early in London. The headman was Auguste Gaudron, and the other two men were Tannar and Maitland. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.
   Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope, and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So they were able to use the box to change the weight of the balloon. The three people were also carrying some bags of sand.
   After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and the air was very cold. The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men's basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. The men tried to throw out some more sand; but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.
   At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so they climbed to get away from the snow. They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were very cold and  they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometres from London!

5.填空题(共5题)

23.
某实验测出的人呼吸中各种气体的体积分数如下表所示:
气体
吸入空气
呼出气体
_______
78%
75%
_______
21%
15%
CO2
0.03%
3.68%
H2O
0.02%
5.44%
其他
0.95%
0.88%
 
(1)请你填写表中的空格。
(2)请你回答:因参与人体新陈代谢而消耗的气体主要是_______ 。
(3)请你证明:呼出气体中含有水蒸气,你的实验方法是_______。
24.
过滤是一种净水的方法,利用过滤的方法,可将不溶于水的固体杂质与水分离开来。如图是过滤操作示意图,请指出错误,并加以改正。

错误之处①_______   改正方法①_______
错误之处②_______   改正方法②______
错误之处③_______   改正方法③_______
25.
完成下列实验操作或现象:
(1)检验氧气时,把带火星的木条放在盛有氧气的集气瓶_______(填“口”或“中”),现象是_______。
(2)准确的量取8mL水需要用到的仪器有_____。
(3)对着冷而干燥的玻璃片呼气,玻璃片上有_______出现(填现象),说明人呼出的气体中含有_______。
26.
现有下列实验仪器,请按要求填写空白[(2)—(4)小题用序号填空]:

(1)有刻度的仪器是 ,瓶口做了磨砂处理的是
(2)加热少量液体时要用到
(3)用排水法收集气体时要用到 ,在用排水法收集氧气的过程中,判断集气瓶中氧气己集满的方法是   
(4)吸取和滴加少量液体时要用到    
(5)量取一定量液体除了图中某仪器,还需要 (填仪器名称)。
27.
加热试管内的固体时,试管口应该 ,原因是 ;加热时应该先 ,然后再

6.实验题(共3题)

28.
化学是一门以实验为基础的自然科学。下图所示实验是我们所熟悉的。

(1)图甲所示实验用于测定空气中氧气的含量。红磷在空气中燃烧的化学方程式为_________,关于该实验的下列说法中,正确的是__________(填字母)。
A 实验时红磷一定要足量
B 点燃红磷前先用弹簧夹夹紧乳胶管
C 红磷熄灭后立刻打开弹簧夹
D 最终进入瓶中水的体积约为瓶中氧气的体积
E 该实验必须检查装置的气密性
(2)同学们用乙所示实验探究化学反应前后物质的质量关系。如果a、b分别是氢氧化钠溶液和硫酸铜溶液,与分别是碳酸钙和稀盐酸测定的结果_________填“相同”或“不同”),原因是________。
(3)再用丙图进行探究实验,并对观察到的现象进行分析,得出了多个结论。
① 蜡烛中含有氢元素,依据的现象是________。
② 整个过程观察到的现象及由此得出的结论有_____________。
29.
化学是一门以实验为基础的自然科学。
(1)小红利用图甲进行探究实验,请回答

①蜡烛中含有氢元素。她依据的现象是_________
②观察到烧杯底部有少量黑色固体,由此得出的结论是_________
③烧杯中蜡烛很快就熄灭,由此说明_________
(2)①乙图中螺旋状铁丝的末端系一根火柴的作用是_________
②小明按乙图实验时,集气瓶炸裂了,其可能的原因是__________
30.
用来测定空气成分的方法很多,图1所示的是小明用红磷在空气中燃烧来测定氧气在空气中含量的方法,实验过程如下:

第一步:将集气瓶容积划分为五等份,并做好标记;
第二步:点燃燃烧匙内的红磷,伸入集气瓶中并把塞子塞紧;
第三步:待红磷熄灭并冷却后,打开弹簧夹,发现水进入集体瓶中,进入集体瓶中水的体积约为集气瓶原空气总体积的1/5。
请回答下列问题:
⑴上面的实验同时证明了氮气有_____________________________________的化学性质。
⑵实验完毕,若进入集气瓶中水的体积不到集气瓶中原空气总体积的1/5,你认为导致这一结果的原因可能是______________________________(写一条)。
⑶某同学对实验进行反思后,提出了改进方法(如图2所示),你认为改进后的优点是:
__________________________________________________________________________
⑷写出红磷燃烧的文字表达式:________________________________________________
⑸上述实验中的红磷能否用木炭或硫代替_____(填“能”或“否”),原因是___________。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    简答题:(2道)

    综合题:(1道)

    单选题:(12道)

    选择题:(7道)

    填空题:(5道)

    实验题:(3道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:6

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:12

    9星难题:4