某同学用显微镜观察玻片标本时，发现视野中有污点存在，移动玻片时污点不动，换上高倍物镜，污点仍存在，那么污点在（  ）

    One night last February, a seventeen-year-old Duffy drove home along a winding road, he saw a strange light thrown against the tree. “I knew it wasn't the moon”, he said. “I drive this road all ____time and I notice little things out of place.”

    Duffy stopped his car and got out ____(examine). Below him far down in the deep valley lay a broken car with its headlights on. Thirty minutes earlier, a man had driven off the edge of the road, which has no guardrail(护栏). His car fell and rolled end over end, ____(land) on its top more than two hundred feet below.

    Duffy rushed to call for help, then returned and got down to reach the driver ____was badly injured. Snow covered the valley ____the temperature was below freezing. After struggling back up the cliff, Duffy took off his jacket and shirt and wrapped the man in time, along ____ the blankets from his car.

    Life-saving ____(deed) are starting to become usual action for Duffy, the oldest of seven children. When he was 12, he saved his ten-year-old brother from drowning. Two years ago, his three-year-old sister ____(eat) rat poison, and Duffy ____(instant) cleaned out her mouth, make her drink milk to protect her stomach and called doctors.

    “We personal belief is that it is____(meaning) for us to teach the children good values, and it looks like we have got some reward for it.” his father says.

材料 从中外历史的进程来看，19世纪中期具有重要的地位。那是一个风起云涌的时代。“工程师”、“资本主义”、“ 工人阶级”、“民族反抗”、“ 自强”等词汇的出现和频繁使用就是最好的证明。
1851年，英国全国1800万人口中，大部分都在城市工作和生活，城市人口占52%。这一年，英国10万以上的城市有10个，其中，首都伦敦的人口达到230万。
阅读材料，结合所学知识，回答问题。
（1）材料中英国人口 “大部分都在城市工作和生活”的主要原因是什么？该原因使社会面貌发生了怎样的变化？
（2）分别从“资本主义”、“ 工人阶级”、“民族反抗”三方面，举出这一时期世界的重大历史事件各一例。并分别说明其历史作用。
（3）19世纪中期英国科学家达尔文出版的科学巨著是什么？这部著作在当时起了什么作用？
（4）归纳19世纪60年代资本主义发展的阶段特征。