题干

中科院上海植物生理生态研究所在“神舟四号”飞船进入太空后为一对“新人”﹣﹣黄花烟草原生质体和革新一号烟草原生质体举办了特殊的“婚礼”.将两个“新人”放入融合器中,当充满液体的融合器加上直流电场,两个原本相互游离的细胞一下子贴到一起,开始了“窃窃私语”.紧接着,在瞬间高压脉冲的作用下,细胞膜被击出了一个小孔,透过这微小的空间,两股细胞质展开了“心灵沟通”.渐渐地,细胞核也扭摆着“亲热”起来,20min后,它们俩已是你中有我,我中有你,一个新生命就这样诞生了.地面实验结果显示:用于融洽的两个“新人”,一个开的是粉花(标记为“一号”),一个开的是黄花(标记为“二号”)融合后的细胞再生植株开的是黄花,但形状却和一号相同(称“一号形状”,另一个称“二号形状”).这种“太空烟草”比普通烟草个子矮,株秆粗,烟叶多,是我国太空育种试验的一项重大成果.

据此回答下列问题:

(1)由于细胞的密度不同,因此在地面上进行细胞融合非常困难.从理论上讲,在太空中细胞更容易融合,可能的原因是____ .在显微镜下观察,“新人”的细胞膜融合在一起,使细胞呈圆球状,这是因为膜具有____ 特性.“细胞婚礼”中用到的诱导融合技术是____ 

(2)两种烟草原生质体融合时,____ 类型是要被淘汰的.____ 类型是我们需要的,这样的细胞经组织培养后,再生的植株属____倍体.

(3)植物体细胞融合技术与传统的有性杂交相比,其优点是____ .

(4)“太空烟草”能稳定遗传吗?为什么?____ 


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