阅读理解                                                           

                                                                Table manners in America

        Don't circle your plate with your arms. If you do so, you will become the focus  (焦点)  of the table. Everyone would wonder, "Is there anything wrong with the food?" This may give a wrong message that you don't like the food or something like that.

       Don't push the plate back when finished. Leave it where it was. Do you want to let the hostess (女主人)(1)_________(know ) that you've just done a labours。

        Don't lean (倚靠) back and say "I'm through" or "I'm full". Just put the fork and knife across the plate. That's all. 

       (2)Don't cut up everything before you start to eat. Cut only one or two bites (块) at a time. Never take a huge mouthful of anything. Do you want to show how hungry you are? Don't do that. It's not so good.

        It's never good to reach across the table for anything. If the thing you want is not at hand, simply ask the nearest person for help, like "(3) Mrs. Smith, could you pass me the dish?"

【历史上重大改革回眸】阅读材料，回答问题。

材料一：克里米亚战争的失败对俄罗斯的民族主义者和斯拉夫派来说是一个严重打击，因为与许多事先就警告俄罗斯会因为其没能跟上西方的脚步而即将遭到失败的西欧派人不同，斯拉夫派人则很有信心地预言俄罗斯专制制度的优越性将会导致一场可与1812年对拿破仑的胜利相媲美的胜利。实际上，这场失败暴露了旧制度的腐败和落后。——（美）斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

材料二：在明治维新期间，我们发现了一个奇特的现象。一方面日本全面学习西方，从军事、技术、政治体制一直到生活习惯，日本的精英阶层善于学习，全力促进日本的现代化和西化；另一方面明治政府在改革过程中出现了许多矛盾和不符合西方现代化模式的改革措施，其改革过程中融入了大量日本本身的传统和文化的因素。——刘涛《中国崛起第十四：从“万世一系”的宗教神话看日本的崛起》

如图所示，劲度系数为k的轻弹簧竖直固定在水平面上，上端固定一
质量为m₀的托盘，托盘上有一个质量为的木块。用竖直向下的力
将原长为的弹簧压缩后突然撤去外力，则即将脱离m₀时的弹簧
长度为                                                                                                     （   ）
§K

如图，AD是等边三角形ABC的中线，AE=AD，则∠EDC=____．

把2吨货物平均分成9份，其中4份的重量是（  ）