阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择最佳选项。

    When an ice cream sundae(圣代冰淇淋) cost much less, a boy entered a coffee shop and sat at a table. A waitress put a glass of water in front of him.

    "How much is an ice cream sundae?"

    "Fifty cents," said the waitress.

    The little boy pulled his hand out of his pocket and studied a number of coins in it. "How much is a dish of plain ice cream?" he asked.

    Some people were waiting for a table, and the waitress was not patient. "Thirty-five cents," she said angrily.

    The little boy again counted the coins. "I will have the plain ice cream," he said. The waitress brought the ice cream and walked away. The boy finished, paid the money, and left.

    When the waitress came back, she was surprised at what she saw. There were fifteen cents placed beside the empty dish. That was her tip.

为了探究“加速度与力、质量的关系”，现提供如图1所示实验装置．请思考探究思路并回答下列问题：

海洋科学具有明显的区域性特征，即使是同一区域，海洋、水文、化学要素及生物分布也是互相各异、多层次性的。因此，很难在实验室里对各类海洋现象和过程，以及它们之间的相互作用进行精细的实验，也不能只靠数学分析和数学模拟来进行研究，而是要充分利用科学设备在自然条件下进行观察研究。直接的观察研究，既为实验室研究和数学研究的模式提供确切可靠的资料，又可以验证实验室和数学方法研究结论的可靠性。因此，在自然条件下进行长期的、周密的、系统的海洋考察是海洋科学研究的基本方法。在海洋科学研究中，海洋观测仪器和技术设备起着重要的作用，有时甚至是决定性的作用。

阅读以上材料，简述对海洋进行科学研究的特点。