如图是两棵小树在同一时刻的影子，请问它们的影子是在____ 光线下形成的（填“灯光”或“太阳”）．

阅读下列材料，结合所学知识回答问题：

瑞典卡罗林斯卡医学院2012年10月8日宣布，将2012年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予英国科学家约翰•格登和日本医学教授山中伸弥，以表彰他们在“细胞核重编程技术”领域做出的革命性贡献．所谓细胞核重编程就是将成年体细胞重新诱导回早期干细胞状态，以用于形成各种类型的细胞，应用于临床医学．在此之前如何获得人的胚胎干细胞？一般有两条研究路线：（一）从受精的人早期胚胎或原始性腺中分离出有关细胞在体外培养和建系；（二）用人的体细胞核移植到去核的卵发育成人的早期胚胎，然后取出有关细胞在体外培养和建系．这种方法也称无性克隆．但是，上述两种方法都引起了很大的争议，成为许多国家反对研究人的胚胎干细胞的理由．日本京都大学山中伸弥等研究人员使用特殊病毒在成人皮肤细胞中植入四种遗传基因，进行培养后制成了具有类似胚胎干细胞性质的干细胞．以上研究成果在全球学术界引起了轰动，一些报道称这项惊人突破有朝一日将在不会引起争议的情况下，给胚胎克隆技术带来医学上的突破．

（1）胚胎干细胞不同于其他体细胞，在形态上具有____ 的特征．

（2）获得人的胚胎干细胞的两条路线中，提到的“早期胚胎”和“有关细胞”分别指的是发育到____ 阶段的胚胎和____ 细胞．

（3）上文中的“争议”的焦点是____ 

（4）日本科学家在将人的皮肤细胞成功诱导生成类似胚胎干细胞性质的全能干细胞过程中涉及到哪些技术手段？____ ．（至少说出两种）这里的“类似胚胎干细胞性质”指的是____ ．胚胎干细胞在分化诱导因子的作用下能向不同类型的组织细胞分化，其根本原因是____ ．

（5）尽管植入的四种遗传基因的具体作用机制还未完全明了，但推测肯定与____ 有关．

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

      What do the world's most successful people all have in common?

      By examining the work habits of over 150 greatest writers and artists and scientists, the researchers including Standford Professor Jeffrey Pfeffer found that high achievers like Robert Moses turn out to be all alike:

Busy ! Busy!

____In a study of general managers in industry, JohnKotter reported that many of them worked 60 to 65 hours per week—which translates into at least six 10-hour days. The ability and willingness to workdifficult and tiring hours has characterized many powerful figures. Energy andstrength provide many advantages to those seeking to build power.

Just Say No!

      The difference between successful peopleand very successful people is that very successful people say “no” to almost everything. And that's what gives them the time to accomplish so much.____ And focus means saying “no” to a lot ofdistractions (分神).

Know What You Are!

      Ignore your weakness and keep improvingyour strengths. Don't waste time exploring skill areas where you have littlecompetence. Instead, focus on—and build on—your strengths.____

Create Good Luck!

      Luck is not magical—there is a scienceto it. Richard Wiseman studied lucky people for his book Luck Factor, and brokedown what they do right.____ By being more outgoing, open to new ideas,following the feeling that something is true, being optimistic, lucky peoplecreate possibilities.

    Does applying these principles to yourlife actually work? Wiseman created a “luck school” to test the ideas—and itwas a success. In total, 80 percent of people who attended Luck School said that their luck had increased. ____ 

A. Spend enough time to improve yourweakness.

B. Achievement requires focus.

C. On average, these people reportedthat their luck had increased by more than 40 percent.

D. They never stop working and they neverlose a minute.

E. Busy people are more likely to belucky.

F. This means knowing who you are, whatyou are and what you are good at.

G. Certain personality types are luckierbecause they behave in a way that offers the chance for good opportunities.