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观察漫画,回答问题。


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同类题2

近代史上,英国社会不断得到改造。阅读材料,结合所学知识回答问题:

材料一 1689年,《权利法案》规定:国王未经议会同意不得停止任何法律的 执行;不经议会同意不得征税等。1701年议会又通过法案规定:凡是国王的诏令必须由同意这一诏令的政府大臣签署才能生效,把原先属于国王的任免法官的权 力转到各部大臣身上。罗伯特·沃波尔是英国历史上第一位内阁首相,他的政策在下议院失去多数的信任而被迫辞职,从而开创了一个先例:凡内阁失去下议院多数 的信任即告辞职。1784年,小威廉出任英国内阁首相,他的施政措施起先未得到下议院的赞同,他便解散下议院,重新进行选举,结果他得到新议员的支持,仍 旧执政。

——刘宗绪《世界近代史》

材料二 1832年,英国议会通过选举法案,规定:取消和减少已经衰落的选区的议会代表席位,它们的席 位转给新兴的工业城市;降低选民的财产资格,城市选民资格放宽至凡年收入达10镑以上的房主和年付10镑以上的房客,农村选民资格则为年收入达15镑以上 的土地持有者和年收入达50镑以上的租地经营者。结果,选民人数由43万增至60万,在增加的22万选民中,城市资产者占18万。

材料三 1872年格莱斯顿内阁在英国设立内政部,主要是代表中央政府监督地方自治机关。1888年,英国又宣布将各郡的行政权交由选举产生的郡务会议掌管。1894年,英国又对郡下面的区进行行政改革,由选举产生的区务会议代替以前被教会贵族控制的区议会。

——钱乘旦《英国通史》

同类题4

阅读理解

    Visitors to the grounds of New College at England's Oxford University pass under an iron gate with the advice: Manners make the man. Even after an appropriate update to: Manners make the person, it's thought-provoking(引人深思的)—especially to today's Americans.

    When we think about what makes the person—it's more likely the degree, the job, the salary. Since when do we count manners as a measure of success?

    We do know that these would make life nicer, if more tolerable. However, we forget or overlook our manners. So , it seems, does everyone else—including, unluckily, our children.

    As a university president, one of my great joys is to visit our campuses and see our students, though we're separated by different generations, interests, and, of course dressing, each student tells me something within the first few minutes that we meet: whether he or she has been taught manners. I sense this in different ways: through her words or her gestures, in the way she listens or how he refers to friends and faculty, how she greets and says goodbye, how he responds when an elderly person enters the room.

    In the absence of manners, however, I make some allowances. For instance, the many ethnic(种族的)groups that students represent often have different explanations of what makes up good manners. In other cases, some students may reject what they've learned to break from their parents and be accepted by other students. Whether students are being different or openly opposing, a recent experience I had with them tells me that there's some hope for reviving and good manners.

    Good manners don't just guarantee acceptance. Good manners open doors to deeper connections and more meaningful roles in our society. Good manners are gentle signals that show we care about one another and allow us to relate to another person in a thoughtful way but at a respectable distance.