【甲】水陆草木之花，可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来，世人盛爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖，中通外直，不蔓不枝，香远益清，亭亭净植，可远观而不可亵玩焉。

      予谓菊，花之隐逸者也；牡丹，花之富贵者也；莲，花之君子者也。噫！菊之爱，陶后鲜有闻。莲之爱，同予者何人？牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣。

（选自周敦颐《爱莲说》）

       【乙】竹似贤，何哉？竹本^①固，固以树德；君子见其本，则思善建不拔者。竹性直，直以立身；君子见其性，则思中立不倚者。竹心空，空似体^②道；君子见其心，则思应用虚受^③者。竹节贞，贞以立志；君子见其节，则思砥砺名行、夷险一致者。夫如是，故君子人多树之为庭实^④焉。

（选自白居易《养竹记》）

        【注】①本：根。②体：体悟。③虚受：虚心接受。④实：充实，充满。

根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。

    English people usually spend more time with friends in public places like parks or pubs. They would not 1 others to their homes. You could work with a person or live next to someone for several years，but you could never see him 2 home.

    If someone invites you to his or her home, you'd better bring something 3 or eat, such as a bottle of wine or a box of chocolates. You can do so if you're invited to an American home. 4 with each other, they are almost the same.

    Once inside the house, the rules change again. Don't ask to see 5 what the English people show you. Never ask how much their house or any of things in it costs. The Americans, 6 may be glad to show you 7 their house. They will be pleased when you show your 8 and ask how expensive something is.

    English and American people will both have a drink or two before the meal. When you begin to eat, you should say how tasty the food is and ask something about it. Remember, never eat with your mouth 9 and make any noise while you eat. It is 10 to be impolite.

   短周期主族元素M、N、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次增大．又知M与X同主族，N原子的最外层电子数是电子层数的3倍，M原子的原子半径小于N原子的原子半径，Z的原子半径在同周期元素中是最小的，Y原子的电子层数与最外层电子数相等．下列叙述正确的是（　　）