题干

***主席在出访中亚和东南亚国家期间,先后提出共建“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”(简称“一带一路”)的重大倡议,得到国际社会高度关注.“一带一路”倡议贯穿欧亚大陆,东边连接亚太经济圈,西边进入欧洲经济圈.对外交往是国家实力的展示,中国需要世界,世界也需要中国。根据以下图文材料,探究如下问题:

【经济交流】

材料一:丝绸之路路线图

材料二;郑和七次下西洋,海上丝绸之路盛极一时.他每到一地,都以中国的丝绸和瓷器换取当地的特产或馈赠当地的国王,与当地居民公平交易,互通有无,不占别国一寸土地,未掠夺他人一分财富.

──《郑和下西洋﹣伟大的和平使者》

材料三:15世纪,追求财富的欧洲人梦想去东方发财,开始探寻通往东方的航路。

【文化交流】

材料四:

【政治交往】

材料五:1955年众多亚非独立国家的首脑,聚集在印度尼西亚的万隆,举行第一次没有殖民主义国家参加的亚非国际会议。

──人教版八年级下册

材料六:中华人民共和国成立后,美国对新中国采取政治上孤立、经济上封锁、军事上包围的政策,中美关系长期以来处于敌对状态.二十世纪七十年代,随着国际形势的变化,中美两国领导人都认为有必要改善两国关系,实现双边关系正常化。

──中华书局《中国历史》(八年级下)

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    Whether you live in Seattle or the Sahara desert, the time has come to invest in a good raincoat or umbrella, a new study suggests.

    As global temperatures continue to rise, more “extreme rain” events—intense, cats-and-dogs down pours—can be expected, said the study, published Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change. And that, scientists said, means an increased flood risk, particularly for the world's driest areas. The study challenges the idea that global warming is causing dry areas to become drier and wet areas wetter.

    “In both wet and dry regions, we see these great increases in heavy precipitation(冰雹),” lead author Markus Donat, a climate scientist at the University of New South Wales, told Nature.

    Donat and his team collected data from 1951 to 2010 on extreme precipitation events from 11, 000 weather stations around the world, Nature reported.

     In that time, the number of days with“extreme precipitation” increased 1 percent to 2 percent per decade.

  “We found a strong relationship between global warming and an increase in rainfall, particularly in areas outside of the tropics,” Donat said in a statement.

  “Importantly, this research suggests we will see these extreme rainfall events increases at regional levels in dry areas, not just as an average across the globe,” Donat added.

    Peter Stott, a senior climate scientistat Met Office, told Climate Central that the study's findings are important, because more violent rainfall and flooding will “challenge our capability toadapt to a rapidly changing climate.”

    As Nature reported, the researchaligns(结盟)with a 2015 study that found global warming has led to a sharp increase in record-breaking precipitation events. Donat told Nature that his study should come as a warning to world governments.