材料一：从汉至明清甚至近代，中国传统的农业耕作虽处在进步中，但一直变化幅度不大。具体而言，犁和铧无论在形制、种类还是质地上改进都比较大，但就主要耕作形式而论，自汉到近代没有什么根本不同

——齐涛《中国古代经济史》

材料二：土地被视为最受青睐的财富，大概不仅反映了人们所公认的真理，即土地可以永存不灭，而且还反映了一种实际需要。司马迁有一段详细的讨论，探讨了从事贸易活动的一般理论，他的基本思路就是强调粮食供求关系的重要，当时的人是将粮食视为基本商品的。……因此，对工商业发展所施加的遏制，不仅降低了非农业活动吸收剩余劳动力的能力，而且还驱使资本转而购买土地这一农业发展最基本的资源

——许倬云《汉代农业》

材料三：万历前后，潞王在湖广有田四万顷，福王在河南、山东、湖广等地有田二万顷，其他藩王都占有大量土地。官僚、地主占有土地也十分惊人。江南有的“豪家田至七万顷，粮至二万”。大官僚严嵩、徐阶各有田二十多万亩。其他万亩、千亩的地主，数不胜举。

——傅衣凌《明清社会经济史论文集》

完形填空

    Tom is a young man. He eats and sleeps a lot, 1 works a little. He doesn't like to learn, so he2little. He can't do any difficult work, so he has to look 3an easy job. One day he finds a job on a farm. When it's work time, he always says he's tired and 4. So he gets less money than the others. 5 is coming. The workers are getting ready for the next year. Only Tom does 6. The farmer tells him to cut down trees in the forest. The young man goes there with a 7. He feels terrible in the forest and 8 about the animals. So he looks around and sings loudly. Nobody knows 9 he's singing.

    After three days, Tom hasn't cut down any trees. The farmer wants to find out how the young man is doing. He's 10 when he finds Tom sitting on the chair, cutting the tree. “Why are you sitting here to cut the tree?” asks the farmer. “Because I can't work if I am lying(躺)down, sir.”

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$\frac{5}{10}$ 元＝____角              $\frac{8}{10}$ 分米＝____厘米