题干

近年来,我国钢铁、煤炭、水泥、建材、电解铝、玻璃、造船等行业的产能利用率只有70%左右(按照国际标准,产能利用率小于75%为严重过剩)。这些行业就业人数众多,有些企业大量负债、债权债务关系复杂,还存在一些长期亏损、扭亏无望,依靠财政补贴和银行贷款免于倒闭的“僵尸企业”。

2015年中央经济工作会议把“去产能”列为2016年供给侧结构性改革任务之首。2016年春节前后,国务院发布了多个文件,针对化解过剩产能,强调要坚持市场倒逼、企业主体、地方组织、中央支持、依法处置,运用经济、法律、质量、环保、安全等手段,严格控制新增产能,坚决淘汰落后产能,有序退出过剩产能,并将发展方向锁定新兴领域、创新领域,创造新的经济增长点。同时指出,在“去产能”过程中要做好被分流职工的安置工作,确保改革顺利推进。

结合材料和所学经济知识,说明国家应如何化解过剩产能,并指出在“去产能”过程中要注意防范哪些风险。

上一题 下一题 0.0难度 选择题 更新时间:2018-12-19 11:07:59

答案(点此获取答案解析)

化解过剩产能:①国家要通过市场机制,充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定作用,并运用经济、法律、行政手段,加强宏观调控,引导过剩行业企业压减产能、兼并重组、破产清算,严控新增产能,淘汰落后产能,退出过剩产能,推动技术创新和产业升级,促进企业转型转产。②扩大对外开放,引导和推动企业“走出去”,转移部分过剩产能。要防范的风险:①防范短期经济增长速度明显下滑,财政收入大幅减少的风险;②防范企业债务风险、金融信贷风险。③防范失业人员增加带来的社会风险。

同类题1

阅读理解

    Life Is Beautiful is a 1997 Italian film directed by and starring Roberto Benigni. The film was a critical and financial success, winning Benigni the Academy Award for Best Actor as well as the Academy Award for Best Original Dramatic Score and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

    In 1939 in the Kingdom of Italy, a bookstore keeper Guido, who is a Jew, falls in love with a local school teacher, Dora, who is to be engaged to a rich civil servant. Guido steals her from her engagement party on a horse. Soon they are married and have a son, Giosue.

    In 1945, Guido and his son are forced onto a train and taken to a concentration camp. Despite being a non-Jew, Dora demands to be on the same train to join her family. In the camp, Guido hides their true situation from his son, telling him that the camp is a complicated game in which Giosue must perform the tasks Guido gives him, earning him points;the first team to reach 1,000 points will win a tank.

    Guido uses this game to explain features of the concentration camp that would otherwise be scary for a young child. Despite being surrounded by the misery, sickness and death at the camp, Giosue does not question this fiction because of his father's convincing performance and his own innocence. Guido keeps the story right until the end when, in the chaos(混乱)of shutting down the camp as the Americans approach, he tells his son to stay in a small box until everybody has left, this being the final competition before the tank is his. Guido tries to find Dora, but is caught and killed by a Nazi soldier. As he is taken away to be shot, he maintains the fictions of the game by marching in a goose-step on purpose…