题干

中国人习惯于“一圈一圈向外递推”的“差序结构”,这使得同族、同乡、官场等“圈子文化”盛行。你的、我的、他的,每一个人都有很多圈子,小圈子,大圈子,圈圈相套,形成了一种独特的中国文化现象,形形色色的圈子就像一个“文化怪胎”在恣意舞动。这意在强调(    )

①传统文化具有相对稳定性和鲜明的民族性

②经年累月形成的文化习俗对人的影响是深远持久的

③对传统文化中不符合社会发展要求的东西,必须“移风易俗”

④“圈子文化”容易滋生结党营私、党同伐异等丑恶现象

A:①②

B:②③

C:①③

D:③④

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D

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    This year's flu season is pretty scary. To try to minimize the effects, public officials are still urging anyone who hasn't yet gotten their flu shot to get one as soon as possible. However, even if every single person got a shot in the arm, the vaccine(疫苗)--- with its excellent 36 percent effectiveness---would not prevent everyone from getting infected with the annoying virus. Knowledge is power, so here's what goes on in your body when you come down with the flu.

    The influenza virus primarily attacks your nose, throat, and the tubes that lead to your lungs. But the flu is so much more than that. Your muscles ache, your head hurts, and your appetite goes down, among other things. To our surprise, almost all of these symptoms have less to do with the virus itself than with your immune(免疫的)response to them. Unfortunately, the very defense you have in place to ge rid of the flu is the reason you feel so painful when you recover.

    The virus usually enters through your mouth, typically by way of your hands. But it takes a few days for symptoms to set in. While this process might cause some harm to your nose and throat, it's nothing major, and nothing like the symptoms that typically accompany a bad or even mild case of the flu.

    The real fun starts when your immune system begins to fight. Your immune system comes in two parts: the innate system and the adaptive. The innate immune system is essentially an all-purpose tool. As soon as your body senses the presence of any injury or invader (入侵者), the innate immune system launches into action by producing tiny proteins called cytokines and chemokines. The cytokines reproduce almost immediately and start to attack the virus. This increase in immune cells creates an serious inflammation(炎症) throughout the body. But the worst is still to come. Meanwhile, the chemokines work with the adaptive immune system to help create T cells. These cells are a special type of white blood cell that works in a much more specific way: They find the influenza virus, identify what's special about it, and create something unique on their surface that finds and destroys similar invaders.