题干

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
D
    In her outstanding book, “Choose the Happiness Habit”, Pam Golden wrote, “Take the story of two twin brothers for example. One grew up and became an alcoholic (酒鬼), while the other became a successful businessman. When asked why he became an alcoholic, the alcoholic replied, “Because my father was a drunk.” However, the successful businessman's answer was also “Because my father was a drunk.” when asked why he succeeded. The same background. The same upbringing (培养). However, the results were quite different. Why? The reason is that they had different choices. The brothers chose different thoughts which formed the situations they found themselves in at last, so they had different experiences.
    There was a time in my life when I thought difficulty was due to “bad luck”. Have you ever heard the saying “When it rains, it pours”? That was my answer when others asked me how things were going on when I was in trouble. So what do you think I got? “RAIN”. More and more “RAIN”. I couldn't understand why bad luck was always with me.
   Pam Golden says, “You're either living in the problem or you’re living in the solution.” Now, when I'm faced with what I used to think was a negative (消极的) situation, I use a different way to think about it. I force myself to replace those negative thoughts that make me lose heart in my mind with positive thoughts which encourage me to fight against the difficulty bravely. Sometimes I write down some ideas that may be a solution, which I combine with the lessons I have learned from the bad situations and the difficulties that troubled me in the past, and often, I find a solution to the problem soon. It seems that I should thank the difficulty I met with. The RAIN that poured in my world has become great experiences that provide me with valuable experience, from which I can benefit.
    Now, it doesn't “rain ” as much in my life as it used to. In fact, most days are beautiful, cloudless and sunny! Sometimes I do get a rain, but I think it makes me stronger just like the rain helps plants grow up.
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同类题5

一定的文化是一定社会的政治和经济在意识形态上的反映,又影响和作用于一定社会的政治和经济。阅读下列材料,回答相关问题。

材料一 公元前800-前200年之间,是人类文明的“轴心时代”。这段时期是人类文明精神的重大突破时期。在轴心时代里,各个文明都出现了伟大的精神导师——古希腊有苏格拉底……中国有孔子……他们提出的思想原则塑造了不同的文化传统,而且更重要的是他们虽然远隔万里,但却有许多相通的地方。

——德雅斯贝尔斯《历史的起源与目标》

材料二 其实儒家思想取得胜利是一个缓慢的过程,两汉400余年,它渐渐由孔孟时期的原始儒学衍化为掺杂了诸子思想和古代迷信的庞杂思想体系……与其说儒家思想征服了汉代学者,不如讲是汉代学者改造了儒家思想。

——费正清《中国——传统与变迁》

材料三  200多年前,欧洲兴起中国文化热。在宗教的欧洲,人的心灵是神的奴隶,人们以为心中如果没有上帝,便有罪恶感。然而,中国儒家文化中的无神论和理性主义,让欧洲人看到了一个不信仰上帝的国度,人民有着积极向上和快乐的心灵,这促进了理性主义哲学的思考。儒家文化中君为轻,民为重,民心决定政权的思想,成为民主思想的源头。当时的欧洲,国家主要由皇权和贵族统治,平民没有受教育的权利,更没有参与政治的权利,欧洲人对中国通过公开考试在平民中选拔官员的制度,极为推崇。

——《近现代西方哲学史》