题干

简要概括下面一段文字所说明的构造成语的美学基本要求。

    成语是汉语词汇中的瑰宝。成语往往由四个字或者三个字构成,如“置之度外”“想当然”。字数多的极少,如“牵一发而动全身”。成语句式整齐,如“稗官野史”“微言大义”“轻描淡写”“树碑立传”“面黄肌瘦”。至于“千军万马”“前呼后拥”“山清水秀”,平平仄仄,就是好听。四字成语里面很少违背这个规矩的。唯一“不正经”的一个成语,就是“乱七八糟”,因为按照美学规矩应该是“乱七糟八”,或者“七乱八糟”,结果他却偏偏“乱七八糟”,所以就乱七八糟了。

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(1)简洁(2)整齐(对称)(3)富于音乐性(音调和谐)

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    “Smombies” are very real and a growing cause for concern. Tired of having to constantly warn both locals and tourists to pay more attention to their surroundings to avoid serious accidents, authorities of a small German town have come up with a more positive solution — embedding (嵌入) traffic lights in the pavement to make them visible to people constantly looking down at their phones while walking.

    The seemingly ridiculous safety measure was put in place. Authorities in Augsburg decided to act, installing ground level traffic lights at two tram (有轨电车) stops last Tuesday. The lights flash red every time a tram is approaching, or when the regular traffic light turns red. “We realized that the normal traffic light isn't in the line of sight of many pedestrians these days,” said Tobias Hermes, a city administration official. “So we decided to have an additional set of lights — the more we have, the more people are likely to notice them.”

    Some Augsburg residents appear to be quite happy with the idea. “I think it makes sense,” said Jack Smith, “One always sees young people these days running over red lights. This makes it more obvious that you need to stop.” Others, however, found the need for ground traffic lights disturbing and even frightening. “I find it scary that smart phone users are so engrossed that they need to install lights in the ground so that they notice the tram coming,” one person told the local paper.

    But do this kind of pavement-embedded lights actually work? Well, if one interviewed teenager is to be believed, not really, “To be honest I didn't even notice it,” he said, “Maybe it'd be useful at night, but yeah, I didn't realize it was there until just now.”

    The word “smombie” — a mashup of the words smart phone and zombie — was born in Germany. It was voted “youth word of the year” in 2017, but the serious consequences of this behaviour are no laughing matter.