One morning, Wu Liang discovered that her classroom had changed. She found that the desks were no longer in rows, but pushed together to make eight bigger desks. She was too excited about it for the first two days and she couldn't listen to the teachers carefully. But soon she and her classmates got used to this new classroom arrangement (安排). ‘Now our class is quieter,’ said Wu Liang. "What's more, we can come up with our own ideas and learn more through discussion. It's a better way to study."
   Li Yu liked it, too. He said, "Group members first discuss, and then show ourselves in front of the whole class. It makes us believe in ourselves." It was part of a reform (改革) at Li's school. The school made this reform because they wanted to provide students with easier ways to study and more chances to discuss. "Our school hopes it can improve students'abilities (能力) to study by themselves and work in groups," said Zhang Ming, an English teacher.
   However, the reform has demanded (要求) more from teachers. Now they have only 15 minutes to give the lesson which should be taught in 45 minutes before. It is difficult to teach in such a short time. The teachers have to find better ways to teach more effectively."The reform demands more, but I'm sure it is helpful,"added Zhang Ming.

“流连戏蝶时时舞，自在娇莺恰恰啼”、“稻花香里说丰年，听取蛙声一片”古人留下的诗句给我们带来了美的享受，也蕴含了许多生物学知识。请利用所学知识回答下列问题。

下列选项中生物共同特征较多的是（　　）

    Parents often assume that time spent with their kids will gradually decrease in adolescence. But a new study suggests that while teens try to avoid spending a lot of time together with their parents, private parent-child meetings may actually increase in their early adolescent years. And that may raise a teenager's self-esteem (自尊) ansocial confidence, especially if it is time spent with Dad, the researchers added.

    The researchers created a long-termstudy in which they invited families in 16 school districts in central Pennsylvania to participate. In each family, a teenager, a younger sibling, their mother and their father were interviewed at home and then asked about their activities and self-worth five times over a period of seven years.

    The study authors were surprised to discover that when fathers spent more time alone with their teenagers, the kids reported they felt better about themselves. Something about the father's role in the family seemed to improve self-esteem among the teenagers in the study, said study author Susan McHale, a professor of human development at Pennsylvania State University.

  “Time spent with Dad often involves joking, teasing and other playful interactions. Fathers, as compared to mothers, were more involved in leisure activities and had more friend-like interactions with their children, which is crucial for youth social development,” the study showed.

    But Marta Flaum, a psychologist in Chappaqua , New York, said, “How these findings reflect the real world is areal question. The sample in the study is so small and so unrepresentative of more families in the country today that I'm not sure how much we cangeneralizing from it. In my community, in Westchester County, I don't see parents and teenagers spending much time together at all. Parents are often working so hard and have less time to be together with their kids.”

    However, Flaum encourages parents to make time for their kids no matter how much work they have to do. “Research like this reminds us of how important it is. The time we have with themis so short, ” she said.

“世界文化遗产荟萃”模块

阅读材料，回答问题。

材料一  意大利的特殊发展的一个主要原因是它的贵族阶层的历史。……至少是在皇帝和教皇为唯一的但是软弱的君主的意大利北部和中部，大多数城市很早就发展成为虽非合法但在实际上独立的城邦……在大多数中心城市中，特别是在佛罗伦萨占有统治地位的商人阶级，到了13世纪，一方面从事远距离的贸易，一方面生产呢绒。这是欧洲最早的主要出口工业。

                                                                                                                                                                           ——摘自《新编剑桥世界近代史》

材料二  佛罗伦萨是“世界著名艺术品最伟大的聚焦地”，如果你对这个评价有所怀疑，可以去问联合国教科文组织，几乎不用说，佛罗伦萨的博物馆超级出色。人们当然首先会想到乌菲齐博物馆，它绝对是一个盛赞如潮的地方，收藏有达·芬奇、提香、波提切利等人的作品，那些艺术品始终占据着举世无双的地位。

                                                                                                                                                                           ——摘编自罗伯特·兰登《佛罗伦萨》