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材料一:***对商鞅的评价很高,说商鞅是:“首屈一指的利国利民的伟大政治家,是一个具有宗教徒般笃诚和热诚的理想主义者。”他认为商鞅之法“……此诚我国从来未有之大政策”。

——《中华正能量》,人民出版社

材料二:商鞅……一方面极力否认道德教化对人的劝导意义,主张唯有重刑才是禁止过错的最好办法。另一方面又背离了罪刑相应的原则,主张轻罪重刑,罪及无辜常有。……他的这种重刑思想后来被韩非继承和发展……并成为中国两千多年封建社会刑罚制度的一个重要特征,非广大人民带来了许多的灾难。

——《商鞅刑法思想及变法实践》,北京大学出版社

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    It's interesting when you think about how Japan is a nation that appreciates the virtues of silence and good manners, and yet when it comes to eating noodles, Japanese people can be the loudest in the world.

    According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping when eating noodles is encouraged in Japanese culture. It's believed that taking air into your mouth can enhance the flavor of the noodles, and that it helps cool down the noodles. It's also considered to be a way to show appreciation for the dish. Sometimes, just making the noise alone seems to make the noodles more enjoyable.

    It wasn't until a new expression - “noodle harassment”,or “hu-hara” in Japanese - came out last year on social media that Japanese people started to realize that the slurping noise is making some foreign visitors uncomfortable.

    As a response, Japanese instant noodle maker Nissin introduced a so-called noise-canceling fork earlier this year. The fork, which looks like an electric toothbrush, is connected wirelessly to a smartphone. When the person using the fork starts to slurp, the fork sends a signal to the person's phone, making it play a sound to mask the slurping noise.

    “The fork is a solution to the 'noodle harassment' issue, particularly as the number of tourists visiting Japan increases,” said the company, according to Euro News.

    But is it really necessary?

    Dining traditions do vary. What's considered to be proper table manners in one country is likely to be seen as rude in another. In India, for example, people eat with their hands because they think in this way they build a connection with the food. However, people who are used to eating with utensils(餐具)might find it uncomfortable to get their hands covered with oil and bits of food. But this eating method is part of India's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part of its own.

    “So, if you are eating noodles, whether that's ramen(拉面), udon(乌冬面), or soba(荞麦面), please slurp,” wrote the reporter Brian Ashcraft on blog Kotaku. “If anyone gets annoyed while you are doing that, pay them no mind because they're missing the point entirely.”