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【历史——选修1:历史上重大改革回眸】阅读材料,回答问题

材料:晚清政府为筹措军费开设了厘金局。厘金就是过路费和交易税。“近来内地局、卡林立,往往数十里之遥,其间多至数卡……过一卡有一卡之厘。经一卡抽一卡之厘”。各省厘局,但有厘局之名,实则抽分抽钱,有加无己。凡水陆通衢以及乡村小径,皆设奉完抽厘旗号,所有行商坐贾,于发货之地抽之,卖货之地又抽之,以货易钱之时,以钱换银之时又抽之。资本微末之店铺,肩挑步担之生涯,或行人之携带盘缠,女眷之随身包裹,无不留难搜括。”官员在征收过程中,随意勒索,如山东高达20%,而其他省份也在5%甚至10%之上。

    诚如时人所云:“中货有厘金,而洋货全无之,于是洋货之价日贱,中货之价日昂,价贱则购用日多,价昂则销售日少”。广东三水、佛山等地本是手工业发达的地区,“工艺之目,成萃于此”,但“军兴以来,创设厘税,遇卡抽验,勒索万状。自三水设厘卡,而市面为墟矣。佛山一埠,而百行亏折矣”。

——摘编自张宏《关于近代中国厘金制度的思考》等

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    It's 9 a.m.,the morning rush hour in Toronto.A man has fallen down on a downtown street suddenly.Several passers-by stop to help the man.One woman reaches into her purse for her cellphone and hits 911,the emergency number.____

    Within ten minutes,the stricken man is in the back of an ambulance and is sent to the hospital for life-saving treatment.

This scene is fairly common in Toronto and other major cities.Over the years,cities have developed systems to respond quickly to emergencies____But none of this would be possible without the cooperation of car drivers who yield(让路)to emergency vehicles on busy downtown streets.In fact,it's against the law for drivers not to yield.

    To yield means to give away or,more specifically,to get out of the way____As yet,China doesn't have any specific laws that require drivers to yield,whether it is for slower cars to move over to the inside lane of a highway or for all cars to give way to emergency vehicles____Drivers did not yield when they heard the ambulance's siren.

    In Canada,failing to yield to an ambulance vehicle can result in a fine of $400~$2,000 and reduction of three points off your license.That's for a first offense.

    ____This punishment is severe because lives are in danger.

    A.It has resulted in many lives being saved.

    B.A second offense results in a bigger fine,the loss of your driver's license for two years and a possible jail sentence.

    C.It saves lives and,who knows,someday it may save your own.

    D.Three minutes later,sirens(警报)are heard in the distance as a police car,an ambulance and a fire truck race to the area.

    E.It means pulling to the side of the road to let others pass.

    F.Recently,an injured Beijing cyclist died on the way to hospital because the ambulance carrying him got stuck in city traffic.

    G.Safe driving depends on driver's being aware of the traffic around them and yielding when necessary.