题干

情景一 学校举办演讲比赛,同学们推荐发表过作品的小红参加,小红的演讲稿写出来以后,几个同学聚在一起讨论,有的说开头太拖沓,有的说结尾应该激昂,小红不以为然地说:“我可是在国家级刊物上发表过文章的,我觉得挺好的!”结果,小红只得了纪念奖。

情景二 英语成绩出来了,在小学英语很不错而且一直努力学习英语的小明这次只得了62分,看着成绩单,小明真是上火,心想:“可能是我的脑子太笨,初中功课太难了。我怎么学也不会有进步的,就顺其自然吧。”结果小明在以后的考试中,成绩一次比一次差。

情景三 小梅学习很刻苦,可成绩一直不太理想,但她相信,只要付出总会有收获。因此,她默默无闻地努力着,把时间分成若干个部分,有计划地规定当天的事情一定在当天完成。在阶段考试中,小梅的成绩在班上名列前茅。

阅读上述三则情景故事,结合所学知识,分析三人失败、成功的原因。

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

①小红产生了自负的心理,因此演讲失败。自负可以带来一时的情绪高涨,但意气用事带来的挫折,会导致她沮丧、颓废和不知所措,从而走向自卑。②小明成绩一 再下降,是因为他产生了自卑心理。自卑者会对自己憎恨,憎恨自己不完美,由此更强化了自己的自卑感。所以,小红和小明以自我为中心的心态使他们远离成功。 ③小梅之所以成功,是因为她具有专注的心理品质,专注是自信者应具备的心理品质。自信的人,对人对事能保持客观,目标明确,主次分明,不会感情用事,不被 与任务无关的事情所干扰。因此,在完成任务时,心无旁骛,全力以赴,获

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    People aren't walking any more---if they can figure out a way to avoid it.

    I felt superior about this matter until  the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn't in ay hurry, either, I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis.

    It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune(免疫的), for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day's walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced –and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty.

    Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well-known British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper…… is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And wlaking is an ideal form of exercise--- the most familiar and natural of all.

    It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the  trees, flower, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world, He cannot learn in a car.

    The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people don't dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.

    I say that the green of forests is the mind's best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.