—It's amazing that Beijing and Zhangjiakou have won the bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics!

—Sure it is! The government ________ have made great efforts!

阅读材料，回答下列问题。

材料一：1932年，美国工业生产指数比1929年下降了46.2%，有13万家以上的工厂倒闭，失业人数将近1700万，约为劳动人口的四分之一。农产品批发价格下跌了54%，农民的农业净收入从61亿美元降到20亿美元，100多万家农场破产，许多农民流离失所。对外贸易减少了三分之二。美国出现了约200万人的流浪大军，许多家庭连照明用的蜡烛都买不起。

﹣﹣选自《经济成长历程》

材料二：1933年罗斯福当选总统，采取一系列措施克服经济危机。在罗斯福的努力下，国会通过了《紧急银行法》，之后全国3/4的银行重新开业，银行信誉获得恢复；通过《农业调整法》，对农业的复苏起到了积极作用；《全国工业复兴法》的颁布，达到了减少盲目生产，规范工业生产的目的；《联邦紧急救济法》通过后，对缓解失业起到了重要作用；先后颁布的《全国劳工关系法》和《公平劳动标准法》，缓和了劳资矛盾；《社会保险法》则对儿童、残疾人、无谋生能力者提供了救济。新政使美国经济开始恢复元气，社会生产力得到恢复，美国人均收入水平基本恢复到大危机爆发前的水平。

﹣﹣选自《经济成长历程》

材料三：1929年经济危机爆发后，希特勒和纳粹党趁机大肆活动，通过蛊惑人心的宣传，获得了广泛的支持。1932年，纳粹党成为国会中的第一大党。1933年，希特勒出任德国总理，掌握了国家政权，从此德国建立了对内独裁、对外侵略扩张的法西斯恐怖统治。l939年9月1日，德国以强大的兵力时波兰发动突然袭击。随后，英法对德宣战，第二次世界大战全面爆发。

﹣﹣选自《20世纪的战争与和平》

材料四：法西斯在全世界肆无忌惮的侵略和扩张给世界带来了灾难，1942年1月1日，美、苏、英、中等26个国家在华盛顿签署了《联合国家宣言》，决心共同对法西斯作战。1943年，反法西斯力量在各个战场取得了胜利。1944年第二战场开辟后，反法西新联盟东西配合，相互支援，使德军腹背受敌。1945年5月8日，德国签订无条件投降书，欧洲反法西斯战争胜利结束。

﹣﹣选自《20世纪的战争与和平》

阅读下面的文言文，完成下列小题。

    【甲】初，权谓吕蒙曰：“卿今当涂掌事，不可不学！”蒙辞以军中多务。权曰：“孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪！但当涉猎，见往事耳。卿言多务，孰若孤？孤常读书，自以为大有所益。”蒙乃始就学。及鲁肃过寻阳，与蒙论议，大惊曰：“卿今者才略，非复吴下阿蒙！”蒙曰：“士别三日，即更刮目相待，大兄何见事之晚乎！”肃遂拜蒙母，结友而别。

    【乙】初，张咏^①在成都，闻准^②入相，谓其僚属曰寇公奇才惜学术不足尔。及准出陕，咏适自成都罢还，准严^③供帐，大为具待。咏将去，准送之郊，问曰：“何以教准？”咏徐曰：“《霍光传》^④不可不读也。”准莫谕其意，归，取其传读之，至“不学无术”，笑曰：“此张公谓我矣。”

【注】①张咏，北宋太宗、真宗两朝的名臣。②准：寇准，北宋政治家，景德元年任宰相。③严：敬重。④《霍光传》：载《汉书》，传末有“然光不学无术，暗于大理”之语。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B, C和D）中，选出最佳选项。    When I was eight, I wrote my first poem. My mother read and cried, "Buddy, you didn't really write this beautiful poem!" Shyly, but 1, I said yes. She poured out her 2. "It was nothing short of talent!" "What time will Father be home?" I asked. I could 3 wait to show my work to him. I spent quite some time 4 for his arrival. I wrote the poem out in my finest flourish（花体字）, drew a fancy border around it and 5 I placed it right on my father's plate on the dining table. My father had begun his motion-picture career as a writer. I was sure he would be able to 6 my poem.
    At almost 7 o'clock my father burst in. He seemed 7. He circled the dining-room table, complaining about his employees. 8 he paused and glared at his plate. "What is this?" He was reaching for my poem. "Ben, Buddy has written his first poem!" my mother began. "And it's beautiful, absolutely amaz……""If you don't mind, I'd like to decide for myself." Father said. I 9 my head as he read that poem. It was only ten lines. But it seemed to take hours. Then I heard him dropping the poem back on the table. Now came the moment of 10 "I think it's terrible," he said. I couldn't look up. My eyes were getting 11.
    "Ben, these are the first lines of poetry he's ever written," my mother was saying. "He needs encouragement."
    "I don't know why." My father held his ground. "Isn't there enough 12 poetry in the world already?" I couldn't 13 it another second. I ran from the dining room crying. Up in my room I 14 myself on the bed and cried the worst of the disappointment out of me.
    That may have been the end of the story, but not of its 15 for me. I realized how 16 I had been. I had a mother who said, "I think it's wonderful!" and a father who drove me to hear with "I think it's awful." Every one of us needs that mother force, from which all creation flows; and yet the mother force alone is 17. It needs the balance of the force that 18, "Watch. Listen. Review. Improve."
    Those 19 voices of my childhood ring in my ears through the years, like two opposing winds blowing me. 20 the two poles of confirmation and doubt, both in the name of love, I try to follow my true course.

化学用语是学习化学的重要工具，下列化学用语中，正确的是