阅读下面一段文字，完成小题。
                                                                                                                   落 叶
      落叶在春天纷纷而下，这是南国特有的奇观。北国的朋友也许以为怪异。因为，在北方，落叶在秋而不在春。当峭厉的西风把天空刷得愈加高远的时候；当陌上阡头的孩子望断最后一只南飞雁的时候；当辽阔的大野无边的青草被摇曳得株株枯黄的时候——当在这个时候，便是树木落叶的季节了。
北国的落叶，渲染出一派多么悲壮的气氛！落叶染作黄金色，或者竟是朱红绀赭。最初坠落的，也许只是那么一片两片，像一只两只断魂的金蝴蝶。但接着，便有沙沙哗哗的阵雨了。接着，便在树下铺出一片金红的地毯。而在这地毯之上，铁铸似的，竖着光秃秃的疏落的树干和树垭，直刺着高远的蓝天和淡云。
      南国的落叶却不是这般情景。落叶的颜色是浓重的苍青。在地上铺出苍青的织锦，而在树上，也是浓重繁密的苍青色，教你抬头看不见一点蓝天的影子。可是，在这浓蜜的苍青的树冠上，你看吧，春潮般地泛起来多少嫩绿的新叶的波浪！
      这是万木争荣的季节。在遥远的地平线上，威严地站立着的，已不是冷酷的冬。老叶不必作悲壮的自我牺牲来保护树木过那冷酷的冬。在这里，就连冬天的阳光也灿烂如碎金，雨水温润而充足，地表下有取之不尽的营养。万木在和风中一样做它们欢乐的梦。
      时序如轮旋。秋天过去了。冬天过去了。司春之神于是欣然驾临。蜂蝶成群来起舞，百鸟结队来唱歌，杂花纷然披陈于枝梢上。氤氲的南国，这时已装载不下旺盛的勃发的生机。而这时，我走在无论哪一片林子里，无论哪一棵树下，都欣喜地看见，每一棵树上都蓬勃地
      怒发出新叶。我看见新叶高标出老叶覆满的树冠军。我听见新叶在歌唱，唱它们新生代的歌。我听见新叶在呼唤，呼唤未来的鲜花和甘果。
      于是，我看见老叶意识到自己历史使命的即将完成。
      老叶沙沙哗哗而下了。然而，老叶没有悲戚。老叶也一样唱它们雄壮豪迈的进行曲。老叶融入春泥，化作甘露玉浆，滋润着大树上新叶的成长。
      这是一幅多么伟大的充满希望的图画！
      于是，无论在哪一棵树下，我都进入一种庄严的忘我的思考。

根据短文理解，选择正确答案。

    Urban swans might be born with a daredevil gene that makes them less fearful of humans, compared with their rural colleagues.

    A study has found swans living in cities tend to be bolder and it is at least partly determined by a gene called DRD4. Birds with this gene could therefore be better adapted to settling in more populated areas, while more timid（胆怯的）swans would escape to less inhabited regions.

    It could help to explain why swans in public parks and on urban rivers have a reputation for being so aggressive towards humans - they are simply not afraid of us.

    Biologists from some universities in Australia, tracked and collected blood samples from black swans living in two wetlands near cities. One group of swans lived in a recreational urban park, while the other occupied a waste-water processing site out of town. The two areas were less than 20 miles apart. Later, from 2011 through 2013, the researchers started systematically scaring the swans at both sites. The researchers approached the birds and calculated how close they could get before they flew away. As expected, they noticed that while rural swans started flying away if a human was closer than 119 meters, the scientists could come as close to urban swans as 39 meters before taking off.

    Analyses of the blood samples, in fact, showed that 83 per cent of the less cautious swans presented the same genetic DRD4 variation（变异)while rural swans have different genetic makeups resulting in more wariness(谨慎，小心）.

The researchers conclude that swans with the bold variation of the gene might choose to live in urban environments, as they tend to be less bothered by human presence.

    且夫天下非小弱也，雍州之地，崤函之固，自若也。陈胜之位，非尊于齐、楚、燕、赵、韩、魏、宋、卫、中山之君也；鉏耰棘矜，非铦于钩戟长铩也；谪戍之众，非抗于九国之师也；深谋远虑，行军用兵之道，非及向时之士也。然而成败异变，功业相反也。试使山东之国与陈胜度长絜大，比权量力，则不可同年而语矣。然秦以区区之地，致万乘之势，序八州而朝同列，百有余年矣；然后以六合为家，崤函为宫；一夫作难而七庙隳，身死人手，为天下笑者，何也？仁义不施而攻守之势异也。

（节选自贾谊《过秦论》）