题干

搜寻百度词条,我们发现,其给“社会思潮”下的定义是:“在特定的社会历史背景下,建立在一定的社会心理基础上,具备某种相应的理论形态并在一定范围内具有相当影响力的带有某种倾向性的思想趋势。”纵观人类社会发展,出现了多次社会思潮,它对社会及个人产生了乃至变革性的影响。据此回答:
(1)18世纪末,一场暴风骤雨般的革命浪潮席卷法国,该革命的发生与启蒙思想有着密切联系,请举一例启蒙思想家的代表人物。
(2)中国一位名叫胡嗣穈的人读《天演论》,看到“物竞天择,优胜劣汰”的话,听从二哥的建议改名为“胡适“,“物竞天择,优胜劣汰”是谁最先提出来的?其有何划时代意义?
(3)社会思潮具有时代性,20世纪30年代末至40年代中期,“救亡”成为中国社会思潮的主流,在渝文化界有何突出表现?
(4)二战结束以后,反思二战成为新的社会思潮,请你分析毕加索《格尔尼卡》在这方面的艺术成就。就此请你谈谈文化与所处时代的关系。

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

(1)伏尔泰、卢梭、孟德斯鸠。
(2)达尔文;这是生物学发展史上的一次革命,是近代生物学兴起的标志。
(3)在渝文化界积极宣传抗战,创作了大量抗战题材的优秀的诗歌、话剧、电影等。
(4)《格尔尼卡》揭露了法西斯的丑陋嘴脸、暴行,寄托了人类对和平的美好追求;时代决定文化,文化是所处时代的反映。

同类题4

   Mrs. Thompson came to the 5th grade class and noticed that Teddy was always alone. Also, he did badly in his studies. When she reviewed Teddy’s past records,she find he was a good child at first,but he began to change when his mother got ill. Finally he lost interest in school after his mother’s death.
   Mrs.Thompson realized the problem and felt sorry for him. She felt even worse when her students brought her beautifully-covered Christmas presents. His presents were covered with some old paper. Some children laughed when she found a bracelet(手镯)with some of the stones missing, and a bottle with a little perfume(香水). But she said how pretty the bracelet was, putting it on, and dabbing some perfume on her hand. Teddy stayed after school for a long time just to say,“Mrs.Thompson,today you smelled just like my mom used to.” After the child left,she cried for quite a long time.
   On that very day,she taught not only knowledge but also children. As she worked with Teddy,his mind seemed to come alive. By the end of the year,Teddy had become one of the smartest children in the class.
   A year later,Teddy left school. She found a note under her door,from Teddy,saying that she was the best teacher he ever had in his life. After that, these words were repeated in each of his letters to her.
   Then after he finished college, Teddy wrote telling her that he had met a pretty girl and was going to get married. He explained that his father was dead,and that he wondered if Mrs.Thompson might sit at the wedding in the place for the mother of the groom(新郎).
Of course,Mrs.Thompson did. She wore the bracelet and the perfume that Teddy remembered his mother wearing on their last Christmas together.
   They hugged(拥抱)each other,and Teddy whispered in Mrs.Thompson's ear,“Thank you,Mrs.Thompson,for making me feel important,and showing me that I could make a difference. ”
   Mrs.Thompson,with tears in her eyes,whispered back,“Teddy,it's not like that. You were the one who taught me that I could make a difference. I didn’t know how to teach until I met you.”