题干

下列各句中,没有语病的一句是(    )

A:《人民日报》推出“创新升级中国制造”专栏,向世界展现中国制造业品牌在提升服务质量、推进创新,也为制造业做大做强品牌提供借鉴。

B:给学区房降温,关键在于教育公平起决定作用,要深入推进教育改革,合理分配教育资源,优化学校布局,缩小学校之间教育质量和理念的差距。

C:近年来,为保护候鸟,不少地区通过采取退耕还林还湿、改善湿地水质等措施,优化候鸟的生存环境,为人与候鸟和谐相处创造了更好的条件。

D:据介绍,此项改革受益面很广泛,全国240多万家餐饮食业、1400多万从业人员将从中受益,企业将减轻应付“办证”的经济成本和时间。

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C

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抓住你的暗时间

刘未鹏

       ①每个人的手表都走得一样快,但每个人的生命却不是。大脑也是如此。衡量一个人生活了多少年,应该用他的思维时间来计算。所谓暗时间,即一个人用来思维的内在时间。举一个极端的例子,如果一个人一出生就呆在一个特殊的保护室里,没有社会交往,没有知识获取途径,18年后,你会不会认为他成年了?

       ②为时间对每个人是均等的是一个错觉。如果你正在学习一门专业,你用自己所花费 的天數来衡量,很容易认为投入了不少时间。然而其实,实际投入的是时间和效率的乘积。你可以“投入”很多时间在一件事情上面,却发现毫无进展。因为你没有把你要做的事、要学的东S當驻在大脑中,时刻给予它最高的优先级。如果你走路吃饭做梦,心心念念想的都是这事,你的思维时间就被利用到了极致,投入的时间才真正等于实际流失的时间。

       ③我们每个人的生命像沙漏,沙漏里装的沙子总量是相当的,不同的是,有的沙漏颈部较扫,有些较粗。那些颈部较细的沙漏能够抓住每一粒时间之沙,虽然沙子总量一样,但相对扣拥有更长的生命。能够充分利用暗时间的人将无形中多出一大块生命。

       ④程序员们都知道,任务切换需要耗费额外的花销。如果一个系统不停地在多个任务间来回倒腾,就会消耗大量的时间。相比之下,如果只做一件任务,就不会有此损失。这就是为什么专注的人比不专注的人。在时间利用效率上高得多的原因。

       ⑤另外,大脑在开始一件任务时,必须有一定的时间来“热身”。举个例子,你看了一会儿书,感到无聊,忍不住打开浏览器,10分钟后你想起来还要继续看书,但要回复到当时的状态却需要一段时间把记忆中相关的内容再次激活。如果这个“热身”状态需要一刻钟,那么看似10分钟的上网,其实就花了25分钟。

       ⑥要充分利用暗时间,不仅要迅速进入状态,还要看能保持状态多久。

       ⑦很多人都有这样的体验,工作时,要处理的事情很多。另一方面,即便能够把任务的优 先级分配得比较合理,也难免在做一件事时心里还惦记着另一件事。

       ⑧这就涉及最后一个高效的习惯:抗干扰。只有具备高强的抗干扰能力,才能有效地利用暗时间。抗干扰能力可以通过练习获得。事实证明,在有干扰的环境中,比如公交车上看书,是锻炼专注能力的一个好办法。

(摘自《青年文摘》2012年第15期)

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    In fact there are lots of videos of school bullying online every year. We feel angry with the bullies and sorry for the victims in fights and blackmails. Some middle schools and primary schools in some far counties and villages are the worst-hit parts. Nearly half the victims of bullying in middle schools choose to stay silent rather than ask for help or ways to solve the problem, China Youth Daily reported.

    There is a study on junior middle school bullying made by the China Women's University. It showed that 48.9 percent of the students never asked for help after being bullied. And the study also told us 52.6 percent kept silent because they were afraid of “losing face among schoolmates”.

    The China Youth and Children Research Center made a survey of 5,864 primary and middle school percent of students suffered bullying, while 6.1 percent were often bullied by senior schoolmates.

    Cases of violence between boys and girls totaled 85 percent of all school bullying, the report said. Violence between girls accounted for as much as 32.5percent of the total. Unlike direct arguments usually seen between boys, the violence between girls more often took the form of insults, which terribly caused victims have strong feelings, it was added.

    A study published by the Beijing High People's Court showed that 68 percent of offenders attacked their schoolmates in a cruel manner and nearly 60 percent of school violence cases were caused by small matters, Legal Daily said.

    Earlier, Tang Jun of Renmin University of China told reporters that the social risks of school bullying have been given too little care. We should train our teachers to deal with school bullying, improve their skills of preventing it, and help the victim students to recover physically and mentally. At the same time, students and their parents should know the school's rules about bullying and what they should do if it happens. Second, children should be taught to stand up for themselves. They should try to solve problems by talking them out. Children should tell someone if they are being picked on. Third, parents should look for warning signs of bullying. We must pay more attention to it and try our best to solve it.