阅读理解

    China's introduction of the two-child policy has caused worry that the change will further make the shortage of pediatricians (儿科医生) worse.

    The number of pediatricians in China dropped from 105,000 to around 100,000 within five years, according to China's public health statistical (统计的) yearbook in 2015. On average, there are only 43 doctors per 100,000 children.

    Wang Baoxi, a pediatrician with the Shaanxi branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, told Xinhua that situation was even worse in smaller cities and counties. In Weinan City, which is about 70 kilometers away from Shaanxi's capital Xi’an, they only had 17 doctors to care for 100,000 children.

    The Lingnan branch of No.3 Hospital Affiliated (附属的) with Sun Yat-sen University posted a notice telling people emergency treatment services in the pediatric department were canceled due to lack of doctors. "Since the department was finished in 2011, we have employed eight doctors. Four left in the following years,” said Shan Yutao, who works in the hospital's medical management office.

    The shortage of pediatricians has made it difficult for parents. Low salary, high pressure and high risk are the main causes behind people's reluctance (不情愿) to become pediatricians.

According to the National Health and Family Planning Commission, 90 million Chinese women are allowed to have a second child under the two-child policy, which took effect on Jan. 1, 2016.

An Haiyan, an official with the Shaanxi provincial health and family planning commission, suggested that more attention be paid to pediatric departments in hospitals, and pediatricians be given subsidy (补贴) for their work.

阅读下面的文言文，完成下列各题。

    宋太初，泽州晋城人。太平兴国三年，举进士，解褐大理评事、通判戎州，以善政闻。有诏褒美，迁将作监丞，转太常丞。雍熙三年，通判成都府，赐绯鱼。会诏求直言，著《守成箴》以献。淳化初迁监察御史时北面用兵选为雄州通判二年为京西转运副使未几移河东至道初迁兵部员外郎充盐铁副使时陈恕为使，太初有所规画必咨恕，未尝自用为功，恕甚德之。会西鄙有警，转馈艰急，充陕西转运使。二年，命白守荣、马绍忠护刍粮，分三番抵灵州。转运副使卢之翰违旨并往，为戎人所剽。上怒，捕太初及副使秘书丞窦玭系狱。太初责怀州团练副使，之翰、玭悉除名。明年，起太初为祠部郎中，知梓州。俄复旧秩。真宗嗣位，召还。咸平初，拜右谏议大夫、知江陵府。蛮寇扰动，太初以便宜制遏，诏奖之。三年，再知梓州。明年，益州雷有终以母老求还，诏太初就代。时分川陕为四路，各置转运使。上以事有缓急，难于均济，命太初为四路都转运使，要切之务，俾同规画。太初与钤辖杨怀忠颇不协，时蜀土始安，上虑其临事矛盾，亟召太初还。会御史中丞赵昌言等坐事被劾，命权御史中丞。先是，按劾有罪必豫请朝旨，太初以为失风宪^①体，狱成然后闻上，时论韪之。俄出知杭州。太初有宿疾，以浙右卑湿不便，求近地，得庐州。疾久颇昏忘，不能治大郡，连徙汝、光二州。景德四年卒，年六十二。太初性周慎，所至有干职誉。尝著《简谭》三十八篇，自序略曰：“广平生纂文史^②老释之学，尝谓《礼》之中庸，伯阳^③之自然，释氏之无为，其归一也。喜以古圣道契当世之事，而患未博也，因笔而简之，以备阙忘耳。”

（选自《宋史•列传第三十六》，有删改）

 【注】①风宪：即“御史”，掌管风纪的官吏。②文史：借指儒家。③伯阳：老子的字，借指道家。