题干

阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一:在春秋战国时期,随着社会生产力的提高,西周的制度发展程度过低,无法更多的满足新兴地主阶级的发展需求。他们力求改变现状。试图获得更多的经济、政治、文化地位。呼唤建立新的社会,从而推动了百家争鸣的产生与发展。

——据李静、萧红恩《百家争鸣与文艺复兴的历史比较》

材料二:文艺复兴主要是一场文化运动。强调对希腊罗马经典的研究以及对个人成就的赞扬。它最早出现在14世纪的意大利。随后遍及欧洲大地,成为l4世纪摧毁中世纪旧结构的“灾难”。……她将欧洲从中世纪引向了近代世界。

——丹尼斯·谢尔曼乔伊新·索尔兹伯里《全球视野下的西方文明史》

材料三:新文化运动期间,陈独秀等人指出:“要拥护那德先生,便不得不反对孔教、礼法、贞节、旧伦理、旧政治。要拥护那赛先生,便不得不反对旧艺术、旧宗教。要拥护德先生又要拥护赛先生,便不得不反对国粹和旧文学。”

材料四:(“文革”结束后开始的)这场讨论的内容是,究竟什么是检验真理的标准。这场讨论深层的含义则是要解决中国走什么道路的问题。因此,这是一场关系到中国前途和社全主义命运的大讨论。

——据邢贲思《真理标准问题讨论的重要意义和重要启示》

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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

    When I was about twelve, I headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family. It was winter, and on that particular night, the wind was really blowing. As my mom and I headed towards the restaurant from our car, a girl about my age and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any spare change. My mom immediately asked where they kept their things. They pointed to an old car in a parking across the street. The girl said there were six of them living in that car, which was the same size as my own family.

    My mom said she had something to do after handing the people a few dollars. She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings. But she didn't come.

    Later, I found out she had gone home and practically emptied our cupboards into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family. I wasn't there when that part happened, but I can only imagine the joy it brought to their faces.

A few days later, when I actually found out about what she had done, I asked her why she helped those people. She told me that they were not lucky. I remember the face of that girl who had asked us for change, she was the same age as me, yet we looked so different.

    Here I stood, dressed in almost new clothes, headed to dine in a restaurant and then back home to the bedroom I shared with my younger sister. I remember thinking that the other girl didn’t have any food to eat. And she was heading back to a cold car shared with five other people.

    After painting this picture in my mind, I understood why my mom had done what she did. I will never forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I ever learned.