阅读理解

     One day an Australian farmer Joe saw a bright light in the sky. The light came nearer and nearer and suddenly Joe saw that it was a spaceship. The spaceship landed in the field quickly.

    The door of the spaceship opened and two strange beings (怪物) climbed out. They seemed to be half man and half bird. Joe was afraid of them. He tried to run away. But the spacemen walked towards him, picked him up and carried him into the spaceship. They put wires (电线) from a machine onto his head and then they were able to speak to him in English.

    They asked him questions about the Earth. "We're from Venus (金星)," they said. "But it is getting very hot there. A lot of our people are dying and we haven't much time left. We are trying to find a new home. "

     After some time they freed (释放) Joe and at last the spaceship took off and couldn't be seen.

     Joe told his friends about the spacemen. But no one believed his story. You'll believe me one day," Joe told them. "The spacemen will come back."

    I'm proud of myself for this kindness I did last night. I did it 1and did the right thing. However, I was unwilling to2, because by sharing I am also sharing the3and more self-centered side of myself.

    It was last night and I 4 my shift at work. It was late and I wanted to go straight home. On my way out of the door I5 a fellow staff member and colleague. She doesn't have a6and usually either catches a taxi home or7for an hour waiting for8 staff member and friend of hers to finish work.

    In the past I've9to drive her home as she 10on my side of town. But last night I really did not want to. I wanted to 11straight home, alone. And I did not have to make “small talk”.

    So I tried to 12her, walking past her, heading down, and stealing out（偷溜）to the 13 without letting her see me and 14without offering her a lift.

    Yet, something in myself was stopping me. Something in myself made me  15her and put myself in her shoes. She had young16who she wanted to go home to attend to and, she could go home right now 17I took her, not an hour later when the other staff member and friend of hers who was taking her. So I offered. She 18  And of course, she was extremely 19 

    Well, I learned a great 20 last night about not being so self-centered and selfish!

法国政治思想家托克维尔在《论美国的民主》一书中说：“美国的联邦宪法，好像能工巧匠创造的一件只能使发明人成名发财，而落到他人之手就变成一无用处的美丽艺术品。”对此理解正确的是（   ）

【历史——选修3：20世纪的战争与和平】阅读下列材料，回答问题。

材料：排外主义在美国存在了将近一个世纪后，在19世纪末由民间运动发展为一股要求限制移民的政治势力，渗入到美国移民政策中，成为了国家政策。1882年通过了《排华法案》，1897年到1917年，国会又迫于“限制移民联盟”的压力，要求对移民强制进行读写测试，后来这一条也成为了法律。1921年，美国又出台了《1921年移民法》，这部新的移民法规定，除了对移民强制进行读写测试，还对各国每年的移民数额要进行限制，即每年各国移民美国的人数是1910年人口普查时该种族在美国人口的3%，这就意味着，之前已受到移民法限制而在美国人口中所占比例较小的非西欧民族受到了更严格的限制。

——瞿茜、李其荣《论二战前美国移民政策中的排外主义》