题干

阅读理解

C


    Liang Xianghua, a 22-year-old girl from Guangxi University, has been well-known in China for her sand painting since her first work was used by CCTV.
    "Sand paintings really attracted me while I was watching a video performance, I was surprised by how this artwork melted people's heart in minutes" said Liang. "I fell in love with the way the sand pictures, music and the light combined(融合)with each other to make a flow of emotion(情感). You can express things freely."
    In order to master the skills, Liang practised for several hours every day. She said that she couldn't even do the first step well of throwing sand onto the glass. But she didn't give up.
    After finding success with her first show, she was invited to do many performances. This made her quite tired. She decided to give a stop and focus on her study. But an invitation from Malaysia changed her mind just as she was about to wash the sand from her hands. This spring, she was invited by a Malaysia middle school to give a performance. Liang didn't want to do a live show, but agreed to do a video for the school, showing its development over the years.
    She received praise for her work and the performance was described as an eye-opener for the students. This made her wonder if her art would be more meaningful if she made it for the poor students.
    As a volunteer this time, she plans to take part in a summer programme offering help to pupils in a mountain area, and give the most wonderful show in her life.
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阅读材料,完成下列要求。

材料一: 战国时期,国家强制诸子均分土地,从而分割成若干小家庭,适应征税、服役的需要。汉代允许诸侯将土地分给诸子,以削弱分化诸侯,推动了古代家产均分制度。后世律令规定土地继承基本沿用诸子均分的方式,但受传统习俗影响,长子往往被赋予双倍的继承份额。《名公判清明集》记载了一个宋代案例:王有成“因不能孝养父母,遂致其父母老病无归,依栖女婿,养生皆赖其力”,因此官府判决土地等家产“当归之婿”。家庭的土地代代均分,阻碍了大规模地产的传承,也使夫妻为主要核心的小家庭成为社会主体。人们依赖土地、满足于拥有少量的生产资料,难以开启新的生产与经营。

——摘编自《浅谈中国古代继承制度的演进》等

材料二: 进入16世纪以来,英国的土地继承逐渐普及了长子继承制。此后,英国规定土地只能由长子继承,长子继承制使贵族大地产代代相传,基本固定。圈地运动就是以贵族普遍世代保持着土地所有权为前提的,只有这样,他们才有权力驱赶佃农,圈占土地。长子继承制避免了家庭财产的平均分配,单传给长子有利于家庭财富的积累,并向资本转化。大地产的稳定性固化了贵族群体,强大的贵族群体逐渐形成了限制王权的反对派组织,最终促使了英国议会的产生。

——摘编自《英国长子继承制及其对社会经济政治的影响》等