下列人和生物的反应不能称为反射的是（  ）  

    Humans like to live and work in groups. Language is the “cement(胶合剂)”____holds these groups together. Language is part of culture. Culture, in this sense,____ (mean) all those customs, skills, and attitudes that are part of the behavior of a ____ (particularly) group. What you think ____ what you want in life are all affected by the culture of the group in which you ____( raise). Groups of people live in different ways. They may have different skills, organizations, and art forms. Their family life may be completely different from yours.

    Human beings are inventive animals. They can decide to change their cultures in order to meet various ____(situation). Of all living things, human beings are the ____(clever). They can choose ____(live) in many environments and in a wide variety of ways. Only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help ____(they)realize these choices.

    Acquiring the wisdom to make wise choices ____ (be)the lasting challenge of being human.

孙中山是民主革命的先进者，他领导的辛亥革命是中国民主进程的丰碑．阅读下列材料，回答问题。

材料一：1894年，孙中山在檀香山建立中国第一个资产阶级民主革命团体兴中会．随后，民主革命团体纷纷出现，在孙中山推动下，1905年8月，兴中会、华兴会、光复会骨干聚集日本东京，成立了统一的革命组织…孙中山《民报》发刊词中，将这一组织的革命纲领阐发“民族”“民权”“民生”三大主义，作为革命的指导思想。

材料二：辛亥革命大事记

材料三：陈旭麓先生在《近代中国社会的新陈代谢》一书中写道：“任凭你像尧舜那么贤达，像秦始皇明太祖那么强暴，像曹操司马懿那么狡猾，再要想做中国皇帝，乃永远没有人答应”。

材料四：中华民国临时政府奖励发展实业，激发了民族资产阶级投资近代企业的热情．各种实业团体如雨后春笋，纷纷涌现。

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