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         ①返回式遥感卫星是重1800—2100千克的精密卫星,它由仪器舱和回收舱组成。仪器舱中装有摇感摄影相机和控制跟踪系统,相机的分辨率很高,在数百公里的高空,它拍摄的每一张照片能覆盖34000平方千米,是名副其实的千里眼。借助特殊判读技术,能从照片上看清地面的汽车和大海的波浪。卫星相机18天就可以把整个地球扫一遍,完成拍摄任务后,仪器舱的使命结束,在茫茫的宇宙里陨灭。回收舱有制动火箭、回收系统、跟踪遥测设备和暗道片盒。卫星相机拍摄的底片都储存在暗道片盒里,所以它是回收舱的核心。其他都是确保卫星安全返回地面的精密装置。返回式摇感卫星,集中了传感、通信、信息材料等高技术,是我国科学家集体智慧的结晶。
  ②卫星的发射回收是一次尖端的科学技术,在几百公里的高速轨道,卫星面对太阳时温度高达100℃,走进地球的阴影又降至-200℃,降落时与空气摩擦还会产生几百摄氏度的高温,没有先进的隔热调温设施,仪器就无法正常工作。返回时星体得保持100度转角,头向地球。回收舱与仪器分离后,制动火箭自动点火,推动舱体飞向地球。这时,地面遥控系统在卫星上的程控系统必须匹配无误,如果因收角偏差1度,落点就会偏差300公里,要是掉到居民区,会造成星毁人亡的严重后果。
  ③卫星带回的照片,为找矿、地形测绘、铁路选线、农林调查、环境监测、地震预报、考古研究等提供了大量的信息资料。例如,科技人员用卫星照片在北京周围16万平方米的土地上找了7个成矿区,在内蒙古发现了大煤田,在新疆找到了三个新油带。用卫星照片编制各种比例的地质图,如用人工绘制,必须26个人测量568个点,工作四个月,现在一张卫星照片就可以解决问题。我国的宝成铁路建成后,已发生各种塌方、泥石流灾害100多次,治理费已花去近7亿元。从卫星照片分析发现,一路段正好筑在地层断裂带,如果用卫星造线,绕开断裂带,就可以避免不必要的损失。20世纪50年代初,为了兴建仓头铁路,地理学家吴传钧带领助手历尽千辛万苦奋斗几年才选出一条最佳的铺设线路,如果用卫星选线,只要几天工夫就能完成。
  ④用返回式卫星搭载实验,经济效益也十分显著。例如,砷化镓是重要的半导体材料,在卫星微重力条件下结晶生长,质地纯正,性能更为优良;在卫星上生成的蛋白质晶体,比地球上的大数倍,送往空中的植物种子,在电离辐射下会发生变异,玉米、西瓜、西红柿提前开花结果,紫红的鸡冠花变成了淡绿色,微生物外观颜色改变,活力增加,这些有趣的现象为空间生命科学的研究提供了新信息。

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    Biking is an amazing family activity, but finding a route that is suitable for different, ages is a little difficult. Lee McNeil and his family are crazy about biking. They have seven children, from 4 to 24 years old. When looking for a route, they look for enough protection from traffic, good surface condition and interesting views.

    Here are some great routes for biking with your whole family which are suggested by McNeil.

    Iron Horse Trail

    This is the McNeil family's favorite ride. The route is 26 miles and goes through the 2.1 mile Snoqualmie Tunnel. "Beautiful views, the tunnel, and places to stop and watch the rock climbers make it special, " McNeilsaid." All ourkids have taken their turn to go through the black tunnel bravely for the first time and we celebrate it at the end of the ride." If you prefer, check http://bit, ly/Mlt9y4 for more information.

    Centennial Trail

    The Centennial Trail runs for 23 miles from Snohomish to Bryant. The trail iswide and smooth, and is safefor kids as it is off the roads. A nice stop is Lake Cassidy east of Marysville. A dock(码头) on the lakeis fun to explore. It also haspicnic tables and washrooms for a convenient(方便的) lunch-time stop. For a map, go to http://bit. ly/L5qCeY.

    Cascade Trail

    The Cascade Trail is 23 miles. The slope(斜坡) is gentle and it makes for an easy family ride. McNeil said itis a "beautiful ride up the Skagit Valley, with lots of places to watch wildlife along the river". Go tohttp://bit, ly/PR4wOW tosee a map showing the trail, parking areas and bus stops.

    Other good choices

    Snoqualmie Valley Trail: http : // L. usa.Gov/n Wgwo

    Guemes Island: http://bit, ly/LJ3RxL

    Burke-Gilman Trail: http : //L. usa. gov/ s33li