已知黄花蒿茎的形状有圆柱形和菱形，由一对等位基因A、a控制；茎的颜色有青色、红色和紫色，由两对等位基因B、b和C、c控制；这三对等位基因分别位于三对同源染色体上．研究表明，相同种植条件下，黄花蒿单株干重圆柱形高于菱形；青蒿素的含量（mg/kg干重）紫色植株＞红色植株＞青色植株．请回答下列相关问题：

（1）孟德尔运用假说____ 法，归纳得出了遗传学两大定律，为杂交育种提供了理论基础．

（2）若将一青杆植株和一红杆植株杂交，F₁全为青杆，F₁自交，F₂中青杆124株，红杆31株，紫杆10株，则亲本青杆和红杆植株的基因型分别是____ 、____ ，F₂青杆植株基因型有能____ 种，能稳定遗传的个体占____ ．

（3）若上述F₂各种茎色中均有圆柱形茎和菱形茎的植株，则单株青蒿素产量最高的植株表现型是____ ．为了确定F₂该表现型的植株中是否存在不能稳定遗传的个体，最简单的方法是____ ．

根据短文内容，完成下面各题，每空词数不限 
My English teacher is Mary. She is from England. Her father is Nick and her mother is Rose. They are very old. So they don’t work now. Mary has two children, a son and a daughter. Her daughter is Betty. Her son is John. Mary and her daughter are in China, but her husband Paul Smith is in England. Her son is in America. Paul is a police officer. John is a college student. Betty and I are in the same school. We are classmates. We are in Class Three, Grade Seven.
Betty is Mary’s____ .
Betty’s father is a ____  (职业).
____ teaches the writer(作者) English.
Mary comes from ____  .
Nick and Rose are Mary’s ____  .

下列说法中正确的是（   ）

由于地球公转速度不均（近日点快，远日点慢）造成的现象是（   ）
①太阳直射点的回归运动   ②北半球的夏半年较冬半年长
③昼夜长短的季节变化     ④北极点极昼天数比南极点极昼天数多几天