题干

各民族、各地区生生不息的文明在不断冲撞与融合中推动着人类文明向前发展.请你沿着人类文明发展的足迹,完成下列问题的探究:

【古老文明的繁荣】

【近代文明的冲撞】

鸦片战争是近代东西方文明冲撞的典型案例.下表是鸦片战争前,中英两国社会状况的对比.

国家

政治方面

经济方面

思想文化方面

对外政策方面

中国清朝

军机处设立,君主专制空前加强

自然经济为主,商品经济发展缓慢

(①)思想禁锢,万马齐喑

闭关锁国,固步自封

英国

《权利法案》颁布,君主立宪制开始建立

(②),促进资本主义工业经济发展

文艺复兴,焕发了人们的创新精神

殖民扩张和掠夺…

【现代文明的融合】

随着科技的进步和发展,世界文明的融合进一步加深.孔子学院积极的把中华文明推向世界.但情人节、圣诞节等外来节日的输入也使越来越多的年轻人淡化了我们的传统节日,如中秋节、春节等.中华民族的特色文明正在不断流失…

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    Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. "It's the ocean that makes Rockaway so special," she says.
    On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridge closed.
    When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie's friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie's school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.
    In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.
    "My mom tells me that I can't control what happens to me," Natalie says. "But I can always choose how I deal with it."
    Natalie's choice was to help. She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick's collection was replaced. In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard.Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.
    Today, the scars of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. "I can't imagine living anywhere but Rockaway," Natalie declares. "My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before."