题干

下列有关文学文化常识的表述错误的一项是(    )

A:古代文学题材中的“表”是古代臣属进呈帝王奏章的一种,用来陈述意见或事情。“说”可以说明事物,也可以发表议论、记叙事物,都为了说明一个道理。“铭”古代刻在器物上用来警戒自己或称颂功德的文字,一般用韵。“赠序”是临别赠言性质的文字,内容多为勉励、推重、赞许之辞。

B:冰心,原名谢婉莹,现代著名儿童文学家,诗集有《星空》、《春水》等。高尔基,前苏联作家,代表作有小说自传体三部曲《童年》、《在人间》和《我的大学》,散文《海燕》等。

C:我国古代表示自我谦称的词有:“愚、鄙、敝、卑、仆”等。帝王自我谦称的词有:“孤、寡、不谷”等。

D:古人常用“阴”、“阳”表示方位,山南水北称为“阳”,山北水南称为“阴”;古人还常以“丝竹”代表音乐。

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B

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B

    Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone can’t make us tired. It sounds absurd. But years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (tiredness). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer, we would find it full of fatigue toxins (毒素) and fatigue products. But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.

So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless. So what makes us tired?   

    Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional attitudes. One of England’s most outstanding scientists, J.A. Hadfield, says, “The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact, fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr. Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He declares, “One hundred percent of the fatigue of sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”

    What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired? Joy? Satisfaction? No! A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciated—those are the emotions that tire sitting workers. Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.