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摩耶之艺魂

冯骥才

    ①摩那精舍在台北的正北面，毗邻台北“故宫博物院”，面朝一条从山林深处潺潺而来的溪水。一边是儒雅的人文，一边是天然的山水。大千先生的故居貌不惊人，一座朴素的门楼静静地立在一条弯弯曲曲上坡的小道边。倘若门媚上不是悬挂着台静农题写的“摩耶精舍”的墨漆木匾，谁知这是一代大师的故居?

    ②摩耶精舍是大千先生为自己“创作”的作品。他把一座别出心裁的双层楼式四合院放在这块土地的中间。前后有花园，中间也有花园。前园很小，植松栽竹，引澳为池，大小锦鲤，游戏其间;房子中间还有小园，立石栽花，曲廊环绕，可边走边赏。至于后园与前边的园子就大不一样了。来到这里，视野与襟怀都好像突然敞开，满园绿色似与外边的山林相连。大千先生还在园中高处搭了两座小亭，以原木为柱，棕相叶做顶，得以坐观山色溪光晨晖暮霭林术飞鸟。

    ③这后园一定是大千先生心灵徜徉之地。在园林的营造上，大千先生一任天然，稍加修整而已，好似他的波墨山水。园内的地面依从天然高低，开辟小径蜿蜒其间;草木全凭野生野长，只选取少许怪木奇花栽种其中;水池则利用地上原有的石坑，凿沟渠引山泉注入其内。院中有一长条木将，式样奇特，靠背球样地隆起，背靠上去很是舒服。他每作画时间长，便来院中坐在这椅子上，一边歇背一边赏树观山，吸纳天地之气。

    ④细细琢磨，大千先生这后花园构思真是极妙。矮矮的围墙外是一片自然的天地，园内园外大气贯通，合为一体。房子里边也一样融入了这天地的生气与自然的野趣，到处陈放他喜好的怪木奇石，一排挂在墙上的手杖全是山间的老枝、古藤、长荆、修竹，根根都带着大自然生命的情致和美感。这情致与美感到了他的画上，一定就是绝妙山水了。

    ⑤摩耶精舍是大千先生精神的巢和心灵的床。这里既没有鄙俗的器物与艳俗的色彩，也不见世俗的享乐和物欲的张扬，更不是名利的展厅与文化的秀场，而是无时无处不体现着—对大自然和艺术本身真率的崇拜与神往。这就更使我明白了上世纪四十年代初，在中国画坛如日中天的大千先生，为什么会忽然远赴大西北的敦煌，举着油灯去临摹幽暗洞窟中那些被历史忘却的千年壁画了。

    ⑥现在，我们把敦煌的大千先生与这里的大千先生合在一起，就认识到了一位大师的精神之本，也就更深刻地认识到他的艺术之魂，这便是故居的意义。

 (选自2011年《中国艺术报》)

位于珠江口西侧的特别行政区是（　　）

阅读下面两封信并回答问题。

Letter A

    Young people are always told that they should make the most of their time, that they will never be as free again. So, my question is — why fill up all this free time with housework？Parents expect their children to get good grades, be good at sports, and be popular with other kids.

    However，there is not enough time in the day to do these things and then do housework as well. It's not fair to expect teenagers to give up their precious time to do boring housework. Parents and children both have jobs. Parents' jobs are in the work-place. Their children's jobs are at school.

    The only difference is that parents get paid and children don't. Parents say that they make their kids do housework to teach them responsibility. But this is just a trick. Parents trick their kids into doing housework because they are lazy.

Yours,

Overloaded

Letter B

    Both parents and children have jobs. The parents' job is to go to work to earn money. The children's job is to go to school. But we all get hungry. Someone has to cook the meals and clean up afterward. We all wear clothes that get dirty. Someone has to wash them, iron them, and put them away. Children work from 9 until 4. Parents work from 8 until 6. Sure, after 4 o'clock, children have homework. But after 6, parents have homework too. They have to do the shopping, go to the bank, pay the bills, and help their kids with their own homework!

    I think it's only fair that teenagers help out a bit at home. They might not like it, but it's good for them．It teaches them how to look after themselves．This is really useful when they leave home to go to college or to live on their own.