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                                                                                                 眼界与读书
       ①眼界之于读书的重要性，是不言而喻的。
       ②眼界决定了读书的目的归宿。周总理读书时，提出“为中华之崛起而读书”。周总理的眼界为其发愤读书作了注脚。既立志于“中华之崛起”，就必须好读书，读好书，时时检点自己，提醒自己，因为“中华之崛起”所呼唤的读书人，不仅要有报国之志，更要有报国之才。冯友兰先生曾在一篇文章里提到，作为一个学问家，做学术研究是要做全民族的智囊。这一点，对读书人很有启发。虽然读书人并非一定是学问家，但读书的眼界却力求要高，这样至少就不至于把读书当作可有可无的休闲娱乐或者陷入无聊的泥潭。
       ③眼界也决定了读书人读书的方式方法和兴趣效果。自古至今，读什么书、怎么读，以及怎么防止“死”读书，都需要从实践出发，形成适合每个人自己的读书方式。可以肯定，有着高眼界的读书人，一定会结合实践去读那些更富价值的书籍。一个拥有高远眼界的读书人，还能够牢记使命，超越功利樊篱。他们将读书视为一件高雅而神圣之事，并从广泛的阅读之中、从对历史的理解之中，获得一种对自己时代使命的高度自信并笃行之。
       ④读书的眼界，自然还取决于读书的宽度，这既关乎读书兴趣，亦关乎读书效果。在有些人看来，终日埋头进行科学研究的科学家是一些不近人情、枯燥乏味的“怪人”。事实上，对生活和事业的热爱，使不少科学家逐步成为自然美的追求者与发现者。达尔文“常常几小时地阅读莎士比亚的历史剧”和“拜伦、华尔特·司各特的诗篇”；诺贝尔读过许多名人大家的文学作品；我国数学家华罗庚、苏步青都非常喜爱古典文学。也许对自然科学家来说，了解文、史、哲方面的知识，会有助他们的逻辑思维变得更开阔，流转自如。同理，文学艺术方面的专家如能多读一点自然科学知识，在创作作品与表达自我的时候，往往也能够更加深刻。
       ⑤读书不打开眼界，不联系思想实际、工作实际、社会实际，不从书籍中思考点什么、采取点什么、解决点什么，那么我们读书做什么？
       ⑥我以为，读书人欲从书本中汲取力量，高远的眼界是至关重要的。

    Today, we know that the role of vitamins and minerals goes way beyond the prevention of deficiency diseases (维生素缺乏症) to actually preventing cancer and heart disease, the most fearsome killers of our time. With this knowledge has come the widespread call for nutritional supplementation (营养补充) — and a confusing group of vitamin, mineral, and supplements lining the supermarket shelves.

    Far from contributing to better health, however, nutritional supplements threaten to turn a scientific breakthrough into a nutritional disaster.

    Promoters of vitamins and minerals — especially vitamins A, C, and E— would have consumers believe that the little vitamin pill in the bottle is all they need for good health. Take your vitamins in the morning, and you're covered. It's okay to eat fast foods for the rest of the day or skip meals to achieve today's fashionably skinny look. But vitamins and minerals are only one part of the nutritional puzzle. A diet rich in fiber (纤维) and balanced in carbohydrates and protein is essential for good health. You can't get these things from a nutritional supplement. The focus on vitamin and mineral supplements may actually be robbing us of the full nutrition we seek.

    And no supplement can compare to the quality of nutrition found in natural sources. For example, our bodies turn carotenes (胡萝卜素) from plant foods into vitamin A. Many supplements contain a single carotene, but natural sources are rich in many different carotenes. Many supplements contain a form of vitamin E that is made from chemicals, when natural vitamin E is more readily absorbed and used by the body. And science is still discovering the wealth of nutrients in foods.

    You'd be hard-pressed to find a supplement as nutritionally comprehensive and powerful as a balanced diet. Even if you could, you'd pay much more than if you got the same nutritional value from natural sources.

    But perhaps the greatest danger presented by nutritional supplements comes from the very real risks presented by self-medication. Anyone can walk into the market and buy as many different supplements as desired. The reported benefits of high dosages of certain nutrients have led some people to believe that the more the better. Many take several vitamin and mineral supplements without regard to possible consequences.

    Surprising new research suggests that vitamin C pills may speed up hardening of the arteries, the underlying cause of heart attacks. Researchers said their findings support the recommendations of health organizations, which urge people to avoid high doses of supplements and to get their nutrients from food instead.

    As appealing as they're made to sound, nutritional supplements are danger in disguise. If you're looking for good health, don't look on the supplement shelves of your supermarket. Look in the produce section instead.