Hello. I'm Xu Wei. This is my sister, Xu Yi. And this is my brother, Xu Feng. This is my bedroom. Look, that is my new dress on the bed. I like it very much. My shorts are on the chair. My jeans are on the chair, too. That sweater isn't my sweater. It's my sister's. She's Xu Yi. The sweater is beautiful. I'd like one.

    In a paper published in the journey Science Advance, researchers describe how Matabele ants, a species of large ant known for attacking termite colonies (白蚁群落), will, after the battle, pick up injured fellow soldiers and carry them back to the nest where they can recover.

    The paper is the latest in a growing body of research that this form of helping behavior, previously observed in some mammals and birds, may not require complex emotion, and may, therefore, be far more widespread in nature than previously thought.

    “Here we have an example of an individual saving another individual,” says lead researcher Erik Frank who conducted the research. “We can be quite certain that the ants don't know why they are doing what they are doing.”

    It's a behavior that pays off for the colony. Our classic conception of worker ants is that they are essentially abandoned, but Mr. Frank and his colleagues calculated that the practice of rescuing nest mates results in a colony size that is a 28.7 percent larger than it would be had the ants left their fellow soldiers for dead.

    “These injured ants are able to recover from their injuries, ” says Frank. “They are essential for the safety and the betterment of the colony. ”

    When a Matabele ant is injured, as often happens during battles with termites, its body will give off two smelly chemicals that tell other ants to carry it back to the nest. Indeed, the researchers found that using these chemicals to seek help from uninjured ants will effectively activate the rescue behavior, supporting their theory that the ants were acting on pure instinct(本能), not more complex emotions.

    “The more we study rescue behavior in ants and other animals, the more we are going to realize that it's not just limited to the species we've observed so far, ” says Karen Hollis, a professor at Mount Holyoke College, mentioning studies that found that dolphins help other injured dolphins to the surface for air, capuchin monkeys defend each other during intergroup battles, and rats free other rats that are trapped.

将标有“220V 100W”的甲灯和标有“220V 200W”的乙灯串联在家庭电路中，比较两个灯泡的亮度

改革是社会发展不竭的动力，我国历史上也曾发生过一些重要的改革，让我们一起来认识他们吧！

材料一：公元前356年，秦孝公任用商鞅在秦国变法，司马光（1019-1086）在《资治通鉴》中写到“新法实施十年，秦国出现路不拾遗，山无盗贼的景象，百姓勇于为国作战，不敢再行私斗，乡野城镇都得到了治理。商鞅变法对战国末年的秦国的崛起发挥了重要的作用”。

材料二：1898年6月11日，光绪皇帝宣布变法。1898年是旧历戊戌年，因此这次变法被称为“戊戌变法”。这次变法虽然失败了，但是掀起了近代中国第一个思想解放的潮流，对中国人民的觉醒和进步起到了显著的作用。

材料三：1978年十一届三中全会召开，开始了吹响了改革开放的号角。今天改革开放给我们的生活带来了许多新的变化。

（1）商鞅变法发生在哪个世纪的哪个年代？秦孝公时有年号吗，为什么？

（2）“光绪”“戊戌”分别是哪一种纪年方法？

（3）结合材料三算一算改革开放至今（2016年）多少年，十一届三中全会的召开与商鞅变法又间隔了多少年？