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[历史——选修4:中外历史人物评说]

材料:盛宣怀(1844—1916)字杏荪。盛宣怀涉足“洋务”,毕生的追求是“办大事”,“做高官”。李鸿章对其野心看的很清楚。他对亲信说:“盛杏荪机智敏达,而乏毅力,其条陈固欲办大事、兼作高官。”“挟官以凌商,挟商已蒙官”,上下其手,左右开弓,是盛宣怀大做“无本生涯”,最终成为清末首富的不二法门。当时清政府财力不济,开办“求富”企业颇多困难,可又不得不办,故采用“招商集资”“官督商办”的权宜方式。盛宣怀明确提出,举办“求富”企业,“唯有援照轮船招商局官督商办之一法,商集其资,民鸠其工,官总其成”。但企业大权,有官方督办掌管,不能完全由股权说了算。在盛氏的“督办”之下,经营顺手则分享巨利,甚至巧夺豪取,企业亏损则推卸,巧语趋避。但是,纵观盛宣怀一生,他只能操办事关国民经济命脉的垄断性产业,如轮运、电报、铁路、银行、钢轨专卖。他对市场化程度深、竞争激烈的产业则屡战屡败,无一成功,如矿务、棉纺织业等。

——摘编自卢伯炜《盛宣怀与轮船招商局的改制》

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同类题4

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B,C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    I am an American living in France for twenty years. I used to complain about how the French were 1 for friendship. I had a(n)2 time making a living here.

    When I came I felt a need to meet people,3 I went to the cinema night for women's day. I was excited about the way to connect to French women through the 4 we would have after the film, perhaps to make friends and get more chance of 5.

    Outside the cinema was a woman with long gray hair who had a slightly 6 smell and was asking for money. I 7 my wallet to give her a Euro and then something made me stop and enter into 8 with her. I said, “Look, people are seeing a film that could 9 your life. I'd rather buy you a ticket than give you money.”

    So she came in,10 behind me because she said people 11 the theater didn't like her. She sat next to me in the cinema. Then I noticed some women were looking at me, with expressions of 12.

    I encouraged the women to come the following night to an event. I 13 her to an agency that helped women in her 14. Then, a woman came towards me and said, “Did you buy a ticket for the woman?” When I said yes, she said, “Please come to the community center to 15 other employees there.”

    This was the 16 of a deep friendship and colleague relationship. The woman I took to the cinema that night wasn't 17. Actually, she was a secretary and spoke English.

    For me, though, she was18 my angel. I made a great friend 19 reaching out to her, also got a great job, and 20 myself of many previous negative judgments about the French.