题干

阅读下面古文,回答问题。
                                                                                 食 喻
        国朝尚书刘南垣公①,告老家居。有直指使②者,以饮食苛求属吏③,郡县患之。公曰:“此吾门生,当开谕之。”
俟其来款④之,曰:“老夫欲设席,恐妨公务,特留此一饭。但老妻他往,无人治具,家常饭,能对食乎?”直指以师命,不敢辞。
       自朝过午,饭尚未出,直指饥甚。比食至,惟脱粟饭、豆腐一器而已。各食三碗,直指觉过饱。
       少顷,佳肴美耘,罗列盈前,不能下箸⑤。公强之,对曰:“已饱甚,不能也。”公笑曰:“可见饮馔原无精粗,饥时易为食,饱时难为味,时使然耳!”
直指谕其训,后不敢以盘飧⑥责人。
    【注释】①刘南垣公:指曾任明朝尚书的刘麟。 ②直指使:官职名。 ③属吏:部下。④款:款待。 ⑤箸:筷子。 ⑥飧(sūn):本指晚饭,这里指饭食。

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同类题3

阅读下面文章,回答问题。

这世上没有你不行

    ①人为何而生?每一个人,既生于世,必有他独特的用处。

    ②这是一位老太太教我的,她晚年因战祸而家破人亡,卖掉了大房子,只留下偏处旧地产一隅的小茶室自住。

    ③这件事发生时,老太太正在伊豆山温泉旅行、有个十七岁的男孩在伊豆山投海自杀,被警察救起,他是个孤儿,愤世嫉俗,末路穷途。

    ④老太太到警察局要求和男孩见面,警察知道老太太的来历,同意她和男孩谈谈。

    ⑤“孩子,”她说时,男孩扭过头去,像块石头,全不理她,老太太用安详而柔和的语调说下去,“孩子,你可知道,你生来是要为这个世界做一些除了你没人能办到的事的吗?”

    ⑥她反复地说了好几次,男孩突然回过头来,说道:“你说的是像我这样一个连父母都没有的孩子?”

    ⑦老太太不慌不忙地回答:“对,正因为你没有父母,所以你能做些了不起的妙事。”

    ⑧男孩冷笑道:“哼,当然了!你想我会相信这套?”

    ⑨“跟我来,我让你自己瞧。”她说。

    ⑩“老糊涂……”男孩嘴硬腿不硬,还是跟着走了出来。他当然不愿意留在警察局,但也别无去处。

    ⑪老太太把他带回小茶室,叫他在菜园里打杂。虽然生活清苦,她却对男孩爱护备至。男孩也慢慢地不像以前那么倔强,内心变得安稳平和了。

    ⑫为了让他培育些有用的东西,老太太给了他一些生长迅速的萝卜种。十天后萝卜发芽生叶,男孩得意地吹着口哨。萝卜熟了,老太太把萝卜腌得可口,给男孩吃。

    ⑬后来男孩用竹子自制了一支横笛,愉快地吹奏自娱,老太太听了也很高兴,赞道:“除了你没有人为我吹过笛子,乔治,真好听。”

    ⑭男孩似乎渐渐有了生气,老太太便把他送到高中念书。高中毕业,乔治白天在地下铁道工地做工,晚上在大学夜间部深造。毕业后,在盲人学校任教。

    ⑮学生们常用手摸着乔治健壮的肩膀说:“啊!你真是又高大又健壮!”

    ⑯“你因为胸部这么厚实,所以中气足,吹起笛子来能一口气吹那么久,是吧?”

    ⑰“你吹笛子,能使我知道很多东西的形状和颜色,简直像看到了一样。”

    ⑱听了盲学生的话,乔治对老太太说:“现在,我已相信,真有别人不能,只有我才能做到的妙事了。”

    ⑲“你瞧,对吧?”老太太说,“你如果不是孤儿,也许就不能领悟盲人的苦处。只有真正了解别人痛苦的人,才能为别人做美妙的事。你十七岁时,最需要的就是有人爱惜。你大声呐喊,说你要的根本不可能得到,根本就不存在——可是后来,你自己却有了慈悲之心。”

    ⑳乔治心悦诚服地点点头。

    ㉑他们两人已把身受的痛苦化为仁慈。因为悲痛在心灵深处造成的创伤,能增强一个人的体会与体贴他人之心。

    ㉒老太太说:“尽量让那些不幸的人知道活着的快乐——也就是知道有人爱护自己的快乐。等到你从他们脸上看到感激的光辉,那时候,甚至像你们这样精疲力竭、对生活不满而又厌倦的人,也会感到有了活下去的意义。”

    ㉓在老太太的茶室里,年轻的乔治利用假日自撰笛曲,吹奏给他的盲学生听。把流水、浪潮以及绿叶中的风声,都谱了进去。那些孩子眼虽不明,手却能写,为那首乐曲题名为《清风流水》。

(选自《意林》,有删改)

同类题4

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    I remember my childhood summers fondly, as many of us do. Those golden days in which I would leave the house after a still sleepy, leisurely breakfast and come home only for lunch in the middle of a day spent entirely outdoors. We did not live in town and, thus, playmates were limited to siblings (兄弟姐妹) and the cousins who lived down the road.

    Our backyard became the playground in which our imaginations would run wild—turning those few acres into magical forests, the creek (小溪) into a violent river and our trusty dog, Rex, into the many roles of horse, monster and any other creature that we children did not want to play. By the end of the three months of summer break we were sunburned from our hours in the sun, full of the memories of a thousand magical moments and bonded to our siblings in a way that winter's forced hibernation (冬眠) never seemed to connect us.

    Today, I live on the same acreage that I did as a child. My children have the blessing of having the same grassy patches to scratch their bare feet as they run through it, the same creek to stomp(跺脚)through, and not the same dog—but their very own energetic pup to imagine away the days with.

    However, this is not the same world as it was twenty, thirty years ago. There are screens everywhere in the house to demand attention—televisions with hundreds of channels, computers with access to a thousand entertaining sites, tablets stocked with apps. There is also no longer the expectation of a stretch of an unscheduled three months. Their school friends tell competitive stories of carefully planned vacations, spending time traveling to all of the local attractions—various parks, the zoo, the science center, all of the festivals which come breezing through town. On the very first day of school they will be asked to list their favorite activities of the summer and no longer are these lists filled with things like finding wood to make a bridge over a creek or a day spent in imaginative play with their siblings. The lists are now full of trips, overscheduled days and “camps” that no longer offer a stay in nature.

    Our children have become used to being entertained every minute. In our house, we have limits on electronics and kick the kids outside on a nice day. Even as we try as parents to set limits and get our children out in nature, the new cry of childhood seems to be “I'm bored,” which is not really just meaning “I'm bored,” “but “Please find something to entertain me, as I no longer can entertain myself even for a short period of time.” Our children no longer know how to sit in silence, entertain themselves while even waiting for a few minutes and have lost the awe of nature as they have become addicted to screen time.

    We have made a choice in this household to do what is no longer expected of children in many households—we will ensure that there are days of “boredom.” We refuse to spend our days scheduling our children's every hour. There will be many days with no plans at all, when they will be sent outside with only the grass and the trees and their own imaginations to entertain them.

    The screens will be turned off and our children will find that times of quiet can be just as or even more entertaining. They will bond with their brother and sister, making memories that they will replay in their minds well into adulthood. Even though sunscreen will be religiously applied, they will leave summer with sunburned and scratches coming from climbing trees, stomping through creeks and chasing the dog in the field.

    This summer I will be giving my children the greatest gift of all—boredom. For inside boredom is the gift of getting to know your own mind, of finding comfort and joy in nature and in the realization that the greatest gifts are experience, not things.