题干

阅读材料,完成下列要求。

材料:近代中国的启蒙运动具有与欧洲启蒙运动迥异的特点。如果说欧洲启荤运动是一场以个性自由为主的人文启蒙运动,那么中国思想启蒙运动则是一场旨在国家富强的现代化启蒙运动,这是中西启蒙运动的最基本差异。……欧洲由启蒙而现代化是一个水到果成的文化和社会转型过程,在中国启蒙则是救亡的现代化运动的步骤。

——郑大华《民国思想史论》

结合材料与所学中国近代史的相关知识,围绕“思想启蒙与现代化”自行拟定一个具体的论题,并就所拟论题进行简要阐述。(要求:明确写出所拟论题,阐述须有史实依据)

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

示例:观点:中国近代的思想启蒙促进了中国现代化进程。

理由:维新变法是中国近代以来的一次思想解放运动,维新派提倡西学,宣传民权思想,冲击了封建思想文化,促进了人民的觉醒;维新派学习西方的注意力从器物转移到政治上,主张实行君主立宪制度,客观上推动了清政府的自我变革,推动了中国政治民主化进程;维新派主张发展资本主义经济,有利于中国经济的近代化。

20世纪初,孙中山创立了三民主义,革命派通过辛亥革命推翻了中国的君主专制制度,建立了资产阶级民主共和国;民主共和观念逐渐深入人心;促进了

同类题3

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    All languages change over time, but some change at a faster rate than others. ____ The most important factors are the number of people who speak a language, where they live and whether they move around, the importance of the language for world trade and communication, and changes in technology.

    ____ However, today English is the most widely used language in the world. English is spoken by about 350 million people as a first language in countries such as Great Britain, the United States. In addition, about a billion more people speak English as a second language.

    English started to take over French as an international language during the period of British colonialism (殖民主义) when the English ruled many countries in Africa and Asia. ____ The colonial period came to an end at the same time that several other changes occurred. For example, the U.S. started to play a greater part in global affairs and the international economy. New means of communication technology such as television and the Internet spread English worldwide. ____ In addition, they could use the Internet for information, business, or e-mail communication, all in English. Just as the use of English spread, other languages changed English by contact or by new inventions and technology.

    In contrast, Icelandic is a language that has changed very slowly. Icelandic speakers today can understand poetry written in a slightly different dialect over 1,000 years ago! Why has Icelandic changed so slowly? The main reason is the isolated (孤立的) location of the island in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. ____ Compared to England, Iceland had no history of colonialism. Iceland's small population has not played a major role in international trade or communication. Today, most Icelanders speak English in addition to their native language. With outside influences, Icelandic is changing more rapidly now.

A. People everywhere could watch the news or sports events in English.

B. These changes have a great influence on the development of society.

C. Isolation meant that for hundreds of years, Icelanders had little contact with speakers of other languages.

D. What are some of the factors that influence how quickly a language changes?

E. The language communication brings about the communication of technology.

F. In the past, other languages such as Latin or French were more important than English.

G. English was the primary means of communication in these colonies.