题干

Let ____ (he) close the door.

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

him

同类题2

阅读下面的文字,完成下列小题。

材料一:

    世界卫生组织定义:一个国家或地区60岁以上的人口比例达到10%,65岁及以上人口比例达到7%以上,即被称为老龄化社会。19世纪后期,欧洲一些发达国家生育率持续下降,老龄化现象在部分国家出现。1851年,法国成为世界上第一个老龄化国家,此后,瑞典、挪威、英国等一批欧洲国家步入老龄化。20世纪70年代,随着生育率的下降以及人口平均寿命的延长,老龄化逐渐向亚洲和美洲的发展中国家扩散,进入21世纪,全球老龄化速度加快。2015年,全球有6.17亿人口年龄在65岁以上;预计到 2020 年,13个国家将成为“超高龄”国,即20%以上的人口超过65岁。到2050年全球将有16亿老年人,届时将有94个国家的老龄化人口占比超过21%,其中有39个国家的老龄化比例达28%以上。

    1982年联合国在维也纳召开第一次老龄问题世界大会,通过了《老龄问题国际行动计划》;1991年联合国大会通过了《联合国老年人原则》;2002年联合国在马德里召开第二次老龄问题世界大会,通过了《老龄化马德里政治宣言》。美国、德国、英国、日本等国政府制定法律法规、政策,积极老龄化观念被纳入各国发展框架。

(摘自《全球老龄化状况及其应对策略》)

材料二:

全面两孩政策下的生育态势,2017—2021年

年份

新增出生人口(万人)

总出生人口(万人)

总和生育率

2017

339.9

2019.9

1.97

2018

463.8

2188.6

2.09

2019

402.8

2077.3

2.04

2020

352.8

1935.8

1.96

2021

160.2

1689.1

1.77

全面两孩政策使老年人口比例略有下降,而老年人口数量不会有任何差异。到2035年60岁及以上人口比重将会降低0.5个百分点,而到2050年也仅降低1个百分点,全面两孩政策无法缓解我国快速发展的人口老龄化进程。21世界后半叶,中国将处于超稳定和超高的老龄化态势,60岁以上老年人口比重高达40%,65岁及以上人口比重达到35%。从世界经验看,通过生育政策调整以提升生育率进而改变人口结构和老龄化趋势往往很难奏效。应对乃至引领中国的老龄社会,需要在长期发展战略的高度,设计一个综合性的经济、社会、人口政策的框架体系。

(摘自《国际视野下的中国人口老龄化》)

材料三:

    1999年,我国60岁以上人口比例首次超过10%;2015年,我国60岁及以上人口达到2.22亿,占总人口的16.15%成为世界上第一个老年人口突破两亿的国家;预计到2025年,老年人口突破3亿,2033年突破4亿,2053年达到4.87亿,占亚洲老年人口的五分之二,全球的四分之一,我国老年人口规模稳居世界第一。2000年—2005年全球人口老龄化水平从10%提高到22%,同期中国人口老龄化水平从10%提高到34%。中国人口老龄化的的最大的问题就是失能化、高龄化的趋势在不断加剧,2050年,80岁及以上高龄老年人口将达到1亿,占老年人口总量的22.3%,占世界高龄老年人口的四分之一。随着城镇化进程的加快,大量的农村青壮年劳动力流入城市和发达地区,留下来的大多是缺乏劳动能力的老年人,农村老龄化程度高于城镇,不发达地区高于发达地区。与“边富边老”甚至“先富后老”的发达国家相比,我国人口老龄化进程超前经济发展,“未富先老”,面临的风险挑战更加严峻。

    人口老龄化使得我国人口负担比加重,同时也为养老服务业的发展带来巨大机遇。老年人口增多,特别是高龄、患病老年人增多,对养老服务设施的需求也不断扩大,并且提出更多方面的要求。老年人特别是高龄老人身体较弱,有病的相对较多,对卫生资源的需求不断增加。老年人特殊的生理、心理和行为特征,产生了不同于其他人口群体的特殊物质需求和精神需求,这预示着在社会总需求中,老年人需求市场将占据越来越重要的地位。

(摘自《中国人口老龄化问题及应对策略》)

同类题5

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    Salt plays an important role in our daily diet. Even a small reduction(减少) in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict -how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.

    The result: Thirteen percent fewer heart attacks. Eight percent fewer strokes(中风). Four percent fewer deaths. Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease. And two hundred forty billion dollars in health care savings. Researchers found it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-two thousand deaths every year.

    The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams, or one-half teaspoon, less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University.

    Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodiu(钠), which is how foods may list their salt content.

    The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies, while blood pressures have also risen. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.

    New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference(干预).

    Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children's Research Institute shows that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children. Ninety-nine parents of three to six year olds took part. Half had calories between the two groups for foods that the parents would have chosen for themselves. McDonald's menus clearly showing how many calories were in each food. Parents given the counts chose an average of one hundred two fewer calories when asked what they would order for their children. Yet there was no difference in calories between the two groups for foods that the parents would have chosen for themselves.

    Study leader Pooja Tandon says even small calorie reductions on a regular basis can prevent weight gain over time. The study was published in the journal Pediatrics.