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  80毫米和8分米一样长.____(判断对错)

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    Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:

    ●Schedule yearly exams.____Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.

    ●Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.____

    ●Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.____Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.

    ●____As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.

    ●Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.____Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.

A. Eat your greens.

B. Eye care should begin early in life.

C. They can properly protect your eyes.

D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.

E. Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight.

F. Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear.

G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.

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改编经典慎用“现代元素”

张兴德

      ①我国文学史上留下了无数文学经典作品。这些文学经典,是我们正确认识那个历史时期经济、政治、文化、社会风俗的重要资料,是中华文明得以延续下去的重要载体。向子孙后代正确解读、诠释这些文学经典,对传承中华优秀文化、提高民族文化素质具有重要意义。遗憾的是,在当下的出版界、影视界甚至学术界,出现了“消费文学经典”的种种怪象。

      ②所谓“消费文学经典”,就是对文学经典抱着随心所欲的轻浮态度,让经典“为我所用”。一些人在讲座中,在出版物中,特别是在一些影视作品中,任意给经典文学作品加入所谓的“时代元素”,并美其名曰为“创新”,导致“结构经典”“大话经典”“演绎经典”“发展经典”“突破经典”等种种曲解、歪曲文学经典的怪状不一而足。例如,在《水浒传》中,潘金莲本是一个“打小旗”的虚构人物,但一些人却热衰于为潘金莲翻案,掀起“潘金莲热”,一些地方甚至还上演了争夺“潘金莲故里”的闹剧。一部根据《水浒传》改编的《武松》,竟让武松同潘金莲谈起了恋爱,荒唐到这等程度,却被一些人津津乐道!他们打着传承经典、宣传经典的旗号,实际上是一种在商业逐利目的驱使下的对文学经典的“消费”。而一些媒体和评论家,却热捧这种无良文化现象,实在让人不解。

      ③有人认为,文学经典也有历史局限性,所以要勇于突破经典。这实际是一种似是而非的认识。固然,一切经典,都有它的时代局限性。但作为一部完整的艺术作品,它的可贵之处正是它反映了它所处时代的特点,“具有局限性的经典作品”正是那个时代的特征和产物。“局限性”也是后人得以凭借的认识那个时代的“历史教科书”,加进所谓的“时代元素”,变得面目全非,还怎么作“历史教科书”?《红楼梦》中的宝玉和黛玉的爱情纠葛,只有那个时代才有,你把他们的爱情加进“时代元素”,那还是什么“宝黛爱情”?同样,武松、潘金莲、孙悟空、猪八戒乃至于孟姜女、花木兰等典型形象,也都是不可随意改的。这些文学典型形象,尽管有这样那样的问题,但他们都是那个时代特有的。这如同我们不能将维纳斯女神的断臂接上一段一样。

      ④文学经典经过漫长的历史文化沉淀,形成了固有的思想艺术内涵,人们对其有高度的共识和认同。它犹如文物,有不可更改的特质。文物只可“修复”而不可“改造”。同样,文学经典的传承也应该如此。我们应该“原汁原味”地、原貌原形地传承文学经典,尊重其固有的“定型”。

      ⑤走笔至此,让我想起20世纪60年代看过的《祥林嫂》《骆驼祥子》《林家铺子》等一些根据文学名著改编的电影,看完小说再看电影,并不觉得二者有巨大差距,相反,二者起到了互补作用。那种严肃认真对待文学名著的态度,值得提倡和发扬。