It can be dangerous to travel by sea. Ships sometimes sink(下沉) far away from land. When this happens, the sailors(海员) have to get into small boats. If another ship does not come and help them and they do not have enough food or water, they will die.
    Most people believe we must not drink sea water. They believe that if we do, we shall be very ill because of all the salt in the water. A doctor called Alain Bombard did not believe this. He thought that people could stay alive by drinking sea water and eating small fish, animals and plants from the sea. On 19 October 1953, he set out in a small boat to cross the Atlantic Ocean(大西洋). He did not take any food or water with him.
    Every day Dr. Bombard drank just a little sea water. He also caught fish and they had water in them. He drank this water. He could not cook the fish, so he ate them as they were. He took small plants from the sea, which gave him more food.
Dr. Bombard became hot, tired and quite ill, but after 65days at sea he was still alive. He traveled 2,750 miles from one side of the Atlantic Ocean to the other, and on 24th,December 1953, he reached Barbados.
    He lost 20 kilos, but he showed that people could live on sea water, the animals and plants in the sea.

儒家思想博大精深，影响深远。阅读材料，回答问题。
材料一   孔子和孟子都是民主的倡导者……孔子总是引用尧和舜的话，因为他们不把帝国据为自己的世袭财产。虽然他们的政府名义上是君主专制的，但事实上却是民主的，这就是孔子为什么要赞誉他们的原因。
——孙中山
（1）据材料一，指出孔子赞誉尧舜统治的原因，并简要指出孔子的治国主张。
材料二   孔子认为禀赋在中等水平以上的人，可以告诉他高深的学问，禀赋在中等以下水平的人，则不宜讲授高深的学问。他主张根据学生才智、性格、特点等不同情况实施不同的教育。
（2）材料二反映了孔子在教育上的什么主张？结合所学知识，简要分析孔子被誉为大教育家的原因。
材料三   著名学着余秋雨曾说过：“儒学的发扬首先当然要感谢孔子，其次西汉的一个皇帝的功劳却是不能抹杀的”。
（3）请你结合所学说明“其次西汉的一个皇帝的功劳却是不能抹杀的”的含义。
材料四   孔子学院是推广汉语和传播中国文化与国学的教育和文化交流机构，它秉承孔子“和为贵”、“和而不同”的理念，推动中国文化与世界各国文化的交流与融合，以建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界为宗旨。
（4）据材料三，谈谈在当今社会弘扬儒学教育的主要目的。