阅读材料，回答下列问题。

  材料一  宋代铜钱外流的现象格外严重，经营海外贸易的商人“以高大深广之船，一船可载数万贯文而去。”当时，日本、朝鲜、交趾等国商品经济发展，但本国货币铸造粗劣，数量不足。而宋朝的铜钱合金成分较为稳定，具有强度大、耐磨性等优点，国家对铜钱的铸造、流通过程的管理与干预，在很大程度上保证了铜钱的质量和信誉，因此各国都输入和使用宋朝的铜钱。南宋时，在南宋境内一缗钱到了金朝就可抵数贯来用．铜钱在海外诸国的购买力更甚．海外诸国的物品，“凡值一百贯文者，止可十贯文得之；凡值千贯文者．止可百贯文得之。”铜钱外流使得中国境内的铜钱迅速减少，甚至加别了宋朝的钱荒现象，从而引发了许多社会问题，宋朝历代皇帝经常下达铜钱出口的禁令。为了弥补铜钱铸造原料的不足，宋政府实行严格的铜禁，内容包括有铜矿采炼所得原铜一律由国家统一收购，禁止私自制造铜器，禁止携带出境。

  材料二  17世纪中后期，英国经历了“金融革命”，信货工具、国债制度、银行网络相继产生，英国近代金融体系初步形成。18世纪后半期，随着英国工业的发展，英国国内产品供过于求，英国政府积极推行自由货易政策，积极开拓海外市场，逐渐成为当时世界最大的工业品输出国。与此同时，英镑随着海外货易、对外投资和殖民活动源源不断地输出，在国际化道路上飞速前进。1816年．英国议会通过《金本位制度法案》，率先推行金本位制，规定l英镑含金量为7．32238克．通过金本位制的确立，英国主导了世界金触体系。19世纪后半期，英镑成为当时世界及重要的国际货币。

____

2016年11月7日全国人大常委会以155票全票通过了对香港《基本法》第104条的解释，这一解释明确规定相关公职人员“就职时必须依法宣誓”。宣誓人故意宣读与法定誓言不一致的誓言或者以任何不真诚、不庄重的方式宣誓，都属于拒绝宣誓，所作宣誓无效，宣誓人即丧失就任该条所列相应公职的资格。对此认识有误的有（    ）

①维护国家的统一与安全是每个公民的法定义务      ②人民代表大会是我国的最高权力机关，拥有最高立法权

③人民代表大会制度是我国的根本政治制度              ④特别行政区拥有高度的民族自治权

    Experts say that, among young Internet users, it's not boys who create most web content. The pioneers of the Internet at the moment are the girls.

    According to Jenny Baker, whose hobbies are designing icons（图示）, most boys just aren't patient enough for blogging, uploading photographs, and creating their own websites. Jenny posts her pictures on her own website, and believes that most boys don't often have their own sites. She thinks it's mainly girls.

    And Jenny is right. A study shows that, among Internet users aged 12 to 17, a lot more girls blog than boys (35 percent of girls compared with 20 percent of boys). A lot more girls also work on their web pages (32 percent of girls compared with 22 percent of boys). Girls are also ahead of boys in working on websites for other people.

    Some girls have their own teenage podcasts（播客）which have become very successful and sometimes the creators have their own TV shows too. When asked what they think about the study that shows girls are more active on the web, they say that they're not surprised because girls are very creative, and sometimes more creative than boys.

    Other girl have started interactive（交流的）e-zines with articles written for girls by girls. “Girls from everywhere read our articles, and they ask lots of questions,” they say. “I think girls like to help other people more.” One expert said: “If boys were more interested in helping other people, the numbers would be different.”

    But if girls are more interested in computers, why do women only have 27 percent of computer-related jobs? Maybe this will change in the future—after all, girls like these will be in the job market before too long.