选择正确的读音。

①拉弦____ (lā xián)  (lā xuán)  (lā gōng)

②半晌____ (bàn xiáng)  (bàn shǎng)  (bàn xiàng)

③教诲____ (jiào huì)  (jiāo huì)  (jiào huǐ)

【历史上重大改革回眸】阅读材料，回答问题。

材料一：克里米亚战争的失败对俄罗斯的民族主义者和斯拉夫派来说是一个严重打击，因为与许多事先就警告俄罗斯会因为其没能跟上西方的脚步而即将遭到失败的西欧派人不同，斯拉夫派人则很有信心地预言俄罗斯专制制度的优越性将会导致一场可与1812年对拿破仑的胜利相媲美的胜利。实际上，这场失败暴露了旧制度的腐败和落后。——（美）斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

材料二：在明治维新期间，我们发现了一个奇特的现象。一方面日本全面学习西方，从军事、技术、政治体制一直到生活习惯，日本的精英阶层善于学习，全力促进日本的现代化和西化；另一方面明治政府在改革过程中出现了许多矛盾和不符合西方现代化模式的改革措施，其改革过程中融入了大量日本本身的传统和文化的因素。——刘涛《中国崛起第十四：从“万世一系”的宗教神话看日本的崛起》

   I will never forget the year when I was 12.My mother told us that we would not get Christmas gifts because there was not enough money .I felt sad and thought, ”What shall I say when the other kids ask me about my gifts?” I started to hope the Christmas wouldn't come that year. Just then three women came to our house with gifts for all of us. For me，they brought a doll .I felt so happy.
   Years later, my life changed a lot. So one Christmas, I wanted to do something special. I asked forty friends to help me. We visited 125 orphans(孤儿)to come to our Christmas party. For every child, we prepared a beautiful gift.
   Finally the moment came. I called out,” One, two, three. Open your gifts!” As the children opened their boxes, the whole room was full of their bright smiles. The feeling I got from that Christmas so long ago came again.

“要控制温室效应，发达国家必须承担更多的责任”符合可持续发展的哪一原则（   ）