阅读理解:阅读下列短文，然后从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、 C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Chinese writer Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012.Mo,who was born in 1955 into a farmer's family in Gaomi County in Shandong Province, is the first Chinese national to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. In his early years, life was not easy and he experienced hunger. These things have influenced Mo Yan’s later writings.

60-­year­-old Park Geun­hye(朴槿惠)was elected the new President of South Korean in December, 2012. She becomes the country's first female head of state and her term will last five years from 2013. “I will become a president who puts people’s living before anything else.” She told the cheering people in central Seoul as the accepted her win. “I will keep my promises.”

Barack Obama (bom in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1961), who was elected the 44^th President of the United States in 2008, has been elected again to a second term, fighting against Republican Challenger Mitt Romney. Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard I aw school. His father was from Kenya. And his mother was born in Wichita, Kansas.

二十世纪，两次世界大战深刻地影响世界格局。阅读下列材料，回答问题：
材料一  1914年8月，当战争爆发时，一位德国官员绝望地评论道：“这一切都来自这种该死的聪明体系，它们是现代战争的祸根。”
 材料二 面对德意日法西斯的嚣张气焰，世界人民只有联合起来才能彻底打败它。
 材料三 冷战后，美国为了称霸世界，成为“世界领袖”，重新制定了全球战略。另一方面，欧盟、日本、中国、俄罗斯等国家的实力不断增强，成为牵制美国称霸世界的重要力量。