题干

阅读材料,回答下列问题。

材料一:  1860年12月24日,咸丰皇帝不得不发布了向西方学习先进技术的第一个“上谕”。此时距离鸦片战争已过去20年,清王朝丧失了20年革新突变的宝贵时间。

材料二:  1912年2月孙中山说:“帝制从此不存留于中国之内,民国的目的亦已达到。”

材料三:  近代欧洲之所以优越他族者,科学之兴,其功不在人权之下,……国人而欲脱蒙昧时代,羞为浅化之民也,则急起直追,当以科学与人权并重。……夫以科学说明真理,事事求诸证实,较之想象武断之所为,其步度诚缓,然其步步皆踏实地……

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    LEEDS, England—A Leeds University psychology professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Britons forgive their enemies.

    “The hatred we hold within us is a tumor,” Professor Ken Hart said, adding that it can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease. More than 70 people have become members in Hart's first 20-week workshop in London—a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.

    “These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves,” said Canadian-born Hart.

    The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight. The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the tumor of hatred in these people. “People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness,” he said, “People confuse forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one." Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.

    “The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you are angry with," said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project.

    Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people “want to get free of the past”.