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    Weekend gym rats might be onto something. Weekend warriors, who put recommended amounts of exercise into one or two gym sessions(时段), experience similar health benefits to those who work out several times a week, according to a new study. And those benefits include a longer life. “It is encouraging news that working out in just one or two days per week is connected to a lower risk of demise, even among people who do some activities but don't quite meet recommended exercise levels,” the lead researcher Emmanuel Stamatakis says in a statement.

    The World Health Organization recommends that adults perform two and a half hours of moderate-intensity(中等强度的)physical exercise, or an hour and 25 minutes of more energetic exercise per week. Usually this is done within several days, with experts suggesting that adults get up to 30 minutes of regular exercise each day. However, the new study suggests that busy people may be able to meet the standards when they have more free time, such as at weekends, and stay healthy all the same.

    Researchers studied data from more than 63,000 men and women in England and Scotland, including data about their activity habits and risks for death. The researchers put each individual in one of four groups: those who described themselves as inactive, those who exercised but less than what was recommended, those who exercised in the “weekend warrior” style, and those who worked out regularly more than three days a week.

    Adults who exercised in the “weekend warrior” style had a 40 percent lower risk of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease and a 30 percent lower risk of death by any cause than those who did not exercise at all. The lower risks of cardiovascular disease and overall death were similar to the risks of people who worked out regularly over the week.

    But take a pause before you give up your weekday gym habit. Just a couple of light sessions won't be enough to get benefits: “Weekend warrior” exercise sessions are usually 75-minute energetic workouts, according to the study.

    The results are promising overall, if you just simply can't fit physical activities into most days. The key here is that exercise is truly a lifeline(救生索): It reduces your risk of illnesses like heart disease, diabetes, cancer and depression, according to the WHO. So, if you are just too busy on weekdays, let go of the guilt(内疚). Just make sure to hit the gym hard at weekends.

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孔子
    孔子名丘,字仲尼,春秋时期鲁国人。他三岁时父亲就去世了,母亲带着他到山东曲阜住了下來。
    孔子年少时读书很用功。礼节、音乐、射箭、驾车、书写、计算等他都非常精通,因此,还没到30岁,名声便大了起來。当时有许多人拜孔子为师,他索性办了个书房,收起学生来。后来有人推荐,孔子在鲁国做了官。
    鲁定公把夹谷同齐国会盟的事告诉了孔子,孔子说: “齐国屡次侵犯我国,这次会盟,我们要提高警惕。”在夹谷会议上齐景公以礼相迎,还举行盛大宴会。宴会上,齐国礼官给鲁定公奏“四方之乐”。一队武士手持刀剑,在音乐声中蜂拥而上,鲁定公吓得面如土色。孔子见状,说: “两国君主举行友好会晤,为什么要舞戈弄剑?”齐景公自觉理亏,挥手叫武士退下,并换上“宫中之乐”。孔子因护卫有功,鲁定公更加信任他。
    夹谷会议后,齐国大夫认为孔子留在鲁国对齐国不利,就劝齐景公选80名歌女送给鲁定公。从此鲁定公天天吃喝玩乐,不管国事,孔子劝也没用,于是就领着学生离开鲁国,开始周游列国。
    孔子周游列国14年,先后到过卫、曹、宋、郑、陈、楚等国,希望推行他的政治主张。大家都很尊敬他却不重用他。回到鲁国后,他专心编书和教授学生,直到73岁死去。相传他有学生3000多人,有名的72人。他编了好多古代文化典籍,像《诗经》《尚书》《春秋》等。
    孔子死后,他的学生继续传授他的学说,形成了一个儒家学派。而他,就是儒家学派的创始人。
(选自《中国历史典故》选作本文时有改动)