题干

中国、苏俄(苏联)两国革命和建设道路的探索过程既有相似之处,也存在差异。
探究一:对两国革命道路的探究(填空)
苏联彼得格勒武装起义的爆发,开辟了以城市为中心的革命道路。而中国井冈山革命根据地的建立,开辟了农村包围城市的革命道路。
探究二:以两国建设道路的探索为研究对象
“社会主义究竟是个什么样子,苏联搞了很多年,也并没有完全搞清楚。可能列宁的思路比较好,搞了……,但是后来苏联的模式僵化了”
——邓小平
(1)材料中“列宁的思路比较好”是指实施了什么政策?
(2)“苏联的模式僵化了”指什么?
(3)在新中国成立初期的十年社会主义道路探索中,我们成功仿效了苏联的很多做法,但也有自己的创新,同时也出现过严重失误。请就“成功仿效”、“创新”和“失误”各举一例。
感悟:比较两国探索的成功经验和惨痛教训,你得到的最大启迪是什么?

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答案(点此获取答案解析)

(1)新经济政策。
(2)斯大林模式。
(3)“成功仿效”是第一个五年计划的实施;“创新”是三大改造中对资本主义工商业的改造(采取赎买政策);“失误”指大跃进和人民公社化运动。

感悟:要根据本国国情制定发展政策。

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    Today, we are told, children don't spend enough time in the fresh air. Many of them are addicted to screen on a computer or a TV—they seem to be living in a virtual world. They have lost touch with nature.

    But now 400 organizations in the UK, from playgroups to the National Health Service, are encouraging children to have some “wild time”. They want kids to swap at least 30 minutes of watching TV or playing computer games for time playing outside. Activities such as building dens, climbing trees, rummaging for conkers and playing hide and seek are just some of the things kids can do. Even if they live in a city, they can go on adventures in the garden or the park.

    Children often need a helping hand from mom and dad. They need to be shown what to do and where to go. Andy Simpson from National Health Service says, “We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids' development, independence and creativity, by giving wild time a go”.

    So despite the complicated world that young people grow up in now, it seems that going back to basics and experiencing “nature's playground” is what modern children need. David Bond from Project Wild Thing says, “We need to make more space for wild time in children's daily routine, freeing this generation of kids to have the sort of experiences that many of us took for granted”.

    This might sound a bit old fashioned to you or maybe, like me, it's made you think about sticking on your boots, getting outdoors and reliving your childhood. There is no age limit on enjoying yourself!